Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 171 Shloka 426 - Mahabharata | German | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 426

Devanagari script

अत्रे: पुत्रश्न धर्मात्मा तथा सारस्वत: प्रभु: । उल्मुचु

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca |

atreḥ putraś ca dharmātmā tathā sārasvataḥ prabhuḥ |

ulmucuḥ pramucuḥ mahābhāga mumucuḥ śaktimān |

svastyātreyaḥ mitrāvaruṇake putro mahāpratāpo’gastyaḥ |

paramaprasiddho ṛṣiśreṣṭho dṛḍhāyuś cordhvabāhuś ca |

ete mahābhāgā dakṣiṇāṃ diśaṃ nivāsanti |

atha ye paścimāṃ diśaṃ niśritya sadābhyudayaśīlāḥ, teṣāṃ ṛṣīṇāṃ nāmāni śṛṇu |

sa-sahodara-bhrātṛbhiḥ saha uṣaṅguḥ, śaktimān parivyādhaḥ, dīrghatamāḥ, ṛṣir gautamaḥ |

kāśyapaḥ, ekataḥ, dvitāḥ, mahārṣis tritaḥ |

atreḥ putro dharmātmā durvāsāḥ, prabhāvaśālī sārasvataś ca ||

Translation

Bhishma sprach: „Dies sind die großen Rishis, die im südlichen Viertel weilen: Atris rechtschaffener Sohn und der herrschaftliche Sarasvata; Ulmucu, Pramucu, der glückbegünstigte Mumucu von gewaltiger Kraft; Svastyātreya; und Agastya — Sohn von Mitra und Varuṇa — von großem Glanz; dazu die weithin berühmten Besten der Weisen, Dṛḍhāyu und Ūrdhvabāhu. Diese Erhabenen wohnen im Süden. Nun höre die Namen jener Rishis, die im westlichen Viertel leben und stets mit Wohlstand und glückverheißendem Aufstieg verbunden sind: Uṣaṅgu samt seinen leiblichen Brüdern; der mächtige Parivyādha; Dīrghatamas; der Weise Gautama; Kāśyapa; Ekata und Dvita; der große Rishi Trita; Durvāsā, Atris rechtschaffener Sohn; und der einflussreiche Sarasvata.“

Word by Word

अत्रेःof Atri

पुत्रःson

धर्मात्माrighteous-souled

तथाand also

सारस्वतःSārasvata (name of a sage)

प्रभुःlord; master

उल्मुचुःUlmucu (sage-name)

प्रमुचुःPramucu (sage-name)

महाभागःgreatly fortunate; illustrious

मुमुचुःMumucu (sage-name)

शक्तिशालीpowerful

स्वस्त्यात्रेयःSvastyātreya (Atri-descendant named Svasti-)

मित्रवरुणयोःof Mitra and Varuṇa

पुत्रःson

महाप्रतापीof great splendor/valor

अगस्त्यःAgastya

परमsupreme; very

प्रसिद्धःwell-known; renowned

ऋषिश्रेष्ठःbest of sages

दृढ़ायुःone of firm/long life

तथाand also

ऊर्ध्वबाहुःone with uplifted arms (name/epithet)

एतेthese

महाभागाःillustrious ones

दक्षिणsouthern

दिशिin the direction

निवसन्तिdwell; reside

अथnow; then

येwho; those who

पश्चिमwestern

दिशिin the direction

निवसन्तःdwelling

सदाalways

अभ्युदयशीलाःever prospering; ever rising

तेषाम्of them

ऋषीणाम्of the sages

नामानिnames

शृणुhear

सहोदरwith (their) uterine/full

भ्रातृभिःbrothers

सहtogether with

उषङ्गुःUṣaṅgu (sage-name)

परिव्याधःParivyādha (sage-name)

दीर्घतमाःDīrghatamas (sage-name)

ऋषिःsage

गौतमःGautama

काश्यपःKaśyapa

एकतःEkata (sage-name)

द्वितःDvita (sage-name)

महर्षिःgreat sage

त्रितःTrita (sage-name)

अत्रेःof Atri

धर्मात्माrighteous-souled

पुत्रःson

दुर्वासाःDurvāsas

प्रभावशालीmighty; influential

सारस्वतःSārasvata (sage-name)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

Atri

Sarasvata

Ulmucu

Pramucu

Mumucu

Svastyatreya

Mitra

Varuna

Agastya

Dridhayu

Urdhvabahu

Ushangu

Parivyadha

Dirghatamas

Gautama

Kashyapa

Ekata

Dvita

Trita

Durvasa

Southern direction (Dakṣiṇā diś)

Western direction (Paścimā diś)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The passage frames revered sages as guardians of the world’s quarters, linking spiritual authority with cosmic order. By naming them by direction, it emphasizes that dharma and auspicious flourishing (abhyudaya) are upheld through the presence, discipline, and renown of ṛṣis across the sacred geography.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma is enumerating prominent sages who reside in specific directions—first the southern quarter, then the western quarter—presenting a directional catalogue of ṛṣis and their epithets/lineages (notably Agastya as son of Mitra and Varuṇa, and Durvāsā as Atri’s son).