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Shloka 54

देवानृषिगणांश्वैव नृपांश्व जगतीश्वरान्‌ । सांख्यं योगं च परमं हव्यं कव्यं तथैव च

bhīṣma uvāca | devān ṛṣigaṇāṁś caiva nṛpāṁś ca jagatīśvarān | sāṅkhyaṁ yogaṁ ca paramaṁ havyaṁ kavyaṁ tathaiva ca ||

Bhishma sprach: Man soll die Götter, die Scharen der Rishis und die Könige, die über die Erde herrschen, rezitieren und im Gedächtnis bewahren. Man soll auch Sāṅkhya und Yoga in ihrem höchsten Sinn rezitieren sowie die heiligen Opfergaben für die Götter (havya) und für die Ahnen (kavya). Solches Gedenken und Lob ist für alle Wesen höchst glückverheißend und reinigend; durch wiederholtes Rezitieren werden Leiden vertrieben und alle Handlungen gewinnen die beste Stärkung. Darum, o Bharata, soll der Mensch täglich, morgens und abends, mit geläutertem Geist hingebungsvolles Kīrtana vollziehen und auch die Namen jener Götter, Seher und Könige nennen.

देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋषिगणान्the groups of sages
ऋषिगणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषिगण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नृपान्kings
नृपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जगतीश्वरान्lords of the earth/world (sovereign rulers)
जगतीश्वरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजगतीश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सांख्यम्Sāṅkhya (doctrine/path)
सांख्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
योगम्Yoga (discipline/path)
योगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परमम्supreme
परमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हव्यम्havis; oblation to the gods
हव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कव्यम्kavya; offering to the ancestors (pitṛs)
कव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
devāḥ (gods)
ṛṣayaḥ (sages)
N
nṛpāḥ (kings)
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
Yoga
H
havya
K
kavya
B
Bharata (addressed)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that regular remembrance/recitation of revered beings and sacred principles—gods, sages, righteous rulers, and the highest Sāṅkhya and Yoga, along with havya and kavya—purifies the mind, brings auspiciousness, supports one’s actions, and helps remove afflictions when practiced consistently, especially at dawn and dusk.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira (addressed as ‘Bharata’) on dharmic conduct. Here he recommends a disciplined daily regimen of devotional recitation and remembrance, linking ethical-spiritual well-being with regular practice.