Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 146 Shloka 25 - Mahabharata | German | Vedapath

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Shloka 25

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

Devanagari script

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच अहिंसा सत्यवचनं सर्वभूतानुकम्पनम्‌ । शमो दानं यथाशक्ति गार्हस्थ्यो धर्म उत्तम:

Transliteration

śrīmaheśvara uvāca: ahiṃsā satyavacanaṃ sarvabhūtānukampanam | śamo dānaṃ yathāśakti gārhasthyo dharma uttamaḥ ||

Translation

Śrī Maheśvara sprach: „O Devī, das höchste Dharma für den, der das Leben des Hausvaters führt, ist dies: Gewaltlosigkeit gegenüber jedem Wesen, Wahrhaftigkeit im Wort, Mitgefühl für alle Geschöpfe, Selbstbeherrschung (den Geist beruhigen und die Sinne zügeln) und Almosengeben nach eigener Kraft.“

Word by Word

श्रीमहेश्वरःŚrī Maheśvara (Lord Śiva)

उवाचsaid

अहिंसाnon-violence

सत्यवचनम्truthful speech

सर्वभूतानुकम्पनम्compassion toward all beings

शमःtranquility/self-control (of mind)

दानम्giving/charity

यथाशक्तिaccording to one's ability

गार्हस्थ्यःpertaining to the householder (gṛhastha)

धर्मःdharma/duty

उत्तमःbest/supreme

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)

Devī

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse defines the supreme dharma of a householder as a fivefold ethical discipline: non-violence, truthfulness, compassion to all beings, self-restraint, and charity proportionate to one’s means.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instructional setting, Śrī Maheśvara addresses Devī and enumerates the principal virtues that constitute ideal conduct for the gārhasthya (householder) stage of life.