Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 23

Śiva-nāmānukīrtana-prastāvaḥ

Prologue to the praise of Śiva and the Upamanyu testimony

न विदुर्यस्थ भवनमादित्या: सूक्ष्मदर्शिन: । स कथ॑ नरमात्रेण शक्‍्यो ज्ञातुं सतां गति:,भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने कहा--भगवान्‌ शंकरके कर्मोंकी गतिका यथार्थरूपसे ज्ञान होना अशक्य है। ब्रह्मा और इन्द्र आदि देवता, महर्षि तथा सूक्ष्मदर्शी आदित्य भी जिनके निवासस्थानको नहीं जानते, सत्पुरुषोंके आश्रयभूत उन भगवान्‌ शिवके तत्त्वका ज्ञान मनुष्यमात्रको कैसे हो सकता है?

na vidur yatra bhavanam ādityāḥ sūkṣma-darśinaḥ | sa kathaṁ nara-mātreṇa śakyo jñātuṁ satāṁ gatiḥ ||

Vāsudeva sprach: „Nicht einmal die feinsichtigen Ādityas kennen die Wohnstatt, in der Er weilt. Wie sollte da ein bloßer Mensch Ihn wahrhaft erkennen können—Ihn, der Zuflucht und Ziel der Rechtschaffenen ist?“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भवनम्dwelling, abode
भवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आदित्याःthe Ādityas (solar deities)
आदित्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सूक्ष्मदर्शिनःsubtle-seeing, keen-sighted
सूक्ष्मदर्शिनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्मदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
नरमात्रेणby a mere human (alone)
नरमात्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनरमात्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शक्यःpossible, able (to be done/known)
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञातुम्to know
ज्ञातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormInfinitive (tumun)
सताम्of the good/virtuous
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
गतिःcourse, state, true nature/way
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

वासुदेव उवाच

V
Vāsudeva (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
Ā
Ādityas
Ś
Śiva (implied as the one whose abode is unknown; satāṁ gatiḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches epistemic humility: even exalted divine beings with subtle perception cannot fully know the Lord’s abode and nature, so humans should not claim complete comprehension. Ethically, it encourages reverence, restraint in judgment, and devotion rather than arrogance.

Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) is speaking in praise of Śiva, emphasizing the inscrutability of Śiva’s true state and the difficulty of grasping the ‘gati’ (refuge/goal) of the righteous. The statement elevates Śiva’s transcendence within the discourse of Anuśāsana Parva.