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Shloka 58

Adhyāya 119: Vyāsa–Kīṭa-saṃvāda

Tapas-bala and karmic ascent across yoni

मांसं तु कौमुद पक्ष वर्जितं पार्थ राजभि: । सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थैरविदितार्थपरावरै:,कुन्तीनन्दन! जिन राजाओंने आश्चिन मासके दोनों पक्ष अथवा एक पक्षमें मांस भक्षणका निषेध किया था, वे सम्पूर्ण भूतोंके आत्मरूप हो गये थे और उन्हें परावर तत्त्वका ज्ञान हो गया था। उनके नाम इस प्रकार हैं--नाभाग, अम्बरीष, महात्मा गय, आयु, अनरण्य, दिलीप, रघु, पूरु, कार्तवीर्य, अनिरुद्ध, नहुष, ययाति, नृग, विश्वगश्व, शशविन्दु, युवनाश्व, उशीनरपुत्र शिबि, मुचुकुन्द, मान्धाता अथवा हरिश्वन्द्र

māṁsaṁ tu kaumuda-pakṣa-varjitaṁ pārtha rājabhiḥ | sarva-bhūtātma-bhūtasthair aviditārtha-parāvaraiḥ ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „O Pārtha, jene Könige, die während der Kaumuda-Zeit in beiden Monatshälften — oder auch nur in einer — dem Fleisch entsagten, wurden gleichsam im Selbst aller Wesen gegründet. Durch diese Zügelung erkannten sie die höheren und die niedrigeren Prinzipien der Wirklichkeit (parāvara).“

मांसम्meat
मांसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमांस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कौमुदKāumuda (name of a month/seasonal period)
कौमुद:
TypeAdjective
Rootकौमुद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पक्षfortnight/half-month
पक्ष:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वर्जितम्avoided/abstained from
वर्जितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्जित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पार्थO Pārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजभिःby kings
राजभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सर्वof all
सर्व:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
भूतbeings
भूत:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
आत्मas the Self (in compound)
आत्म:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भूतस्थैःby those abiding in beings / established in all beings
भूतस्थैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभूतस्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अविदितnot known / unknown
अविदित:
TypeAdjective
Rootअविदित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अर्थmeaning/purport (in compound)
अर्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परावरैःby those knowing higher and lower (principles)
परावरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरावर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कुन्तीनन्दनO son of Kuntī
कुन्तीनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
K
kings (rājānaḥ)
K
Kaumuda-pakṣa
N
Nābhāga
A
Ambarīṣa
G
Gaya
Ā
Āyu
A
Anaraṇya
D
Dilīpa
R
Raghu
P
Pūru
K
Kārtavīrya (Arjuna)
A
Aniruddha
N
Nahuṣa
Y
Yayāti
N
Nṛga
V
Viśvagāśva
Ś
Śaśabindu
Y
Yuvanāśva
Ś
Śibi (Uśīnara-putra)
M
Mucukunda
M
Māndhātṛ
H
Hariścandra

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that voluntary restraint—specifically abstaining from meat during a sacred seasonal/fortnight observance—cultivates compassion and self-mastery, and is said to yield elevated spiritual insight (knowledge of the higher and lower principles, para and apara).

In his instruction to Arjuna, Bhīṣma praises a vow observed by exemplary kings: refraining from meat during the Kaumuda fortnight(s). He presents this as a dharmic practice that led those rulers to a heightened, universal identification with all beings and to deeper metaphysical understanding.