Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 23

Śama-prāptiḥ — Gautamī–Lubdhaka–Pannaga–Mṛtyu–Kāla-saṃvāda

Restraint through the Analysis of Karma and Time

हत्वा चैनं नामृतः स्यादयं मे जीवत्यस्मिन्‌ को>त्ययःस्यादयं ते । अस्योत्सर्गे प्राणयुक्तस्य जन्तो- मृत्योलोंक॑ को नु गच्छेदनन्तम्‌,इसको मार डालनेसे मेरा यह पुत्र जीवित नहीं हो सकता और इस सर्पके जीवित रहनेपर भी तुम्हारी क्या हानि हो सकती है? ऐसी दशामें इस जीवित प्राणीके प्राणोंका नाश करके कौन यमराजके अनन्त लोकमें जाय?

hatvā cainaṁ nāmṛtaḥ syād ayaṁ me jīvati asmin ko 'tyayaḥ syād ayaṁ te | asyotsarge prāṇayuktasya jantoḥ mṛtyor lokaṁ ko nu gacched anantam ||

Bhishma sprach: „Selbst wenn du ihn tötest, wird mein Sohn nicht ins Leben zurückkehren. Und wenn diese Schlange am Leben bleibt, welcher wirkliche Schaden entstünde dir dadurch? Wer würde in einer solchen Lage das Leben eines lebenden Wesens vernichten und dadurch in Yamas endloses Reich—die Welt des Todes—gehen?“

हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him/this one
एनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अमृतःimmortal
अमृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / might be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेmy
मे:
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive, Singular
जीवतिlives / is alive
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
अस्मिन्in this (one/thing)
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कःwhat? / which?
कः:
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्ययःharm, loss, misfortune
अत्ययः:
TypeNoun
Rootअत्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive, Singular
अस्यof this (one)
अस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
उत्सर्गेin the letting go / release / killing (as 'giving up')
उत्सर्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउत्सर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्राणयुक्तस्यof one endowed with life-breath
प्राणयुक्तस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राणयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
जन्तोःof a living being
जन्तोः:
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मृत्योलोकम्the world/realm of Death (Yama)
मृत्योलोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्युलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed / then
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
गच्छेत्would go
गच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
अनन्तम्endless, infinite
अनन्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
serpent (sarpa)
B
Bhishma's son (implied)
Y
Yama (Mrityu, Lord of Death)
R
realm of Yama (mṛtyoḥ loka)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma argues for restraint and non-violence: killing out of anger or grief does not undo loss, and taking a living being’s life brings moral and karmic peril symbolized by going to Yama’s realm.

Bhishma addresses someone intent on killing a serpent, reasoning that the death of the serpent will not restore Bhishma’s (already lost) son, and that sparing the creature avoids needless sin and the consequences associated with death and Yama.