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Shloka 21

Śāṃtanu’s Ideal Rule; Devavrata’s Return; The Satyavatī Marriage Condition and Bhīṣma’s Vow (आदि पर्व, अध्याय ९४)

पृच्छामि त्वां नृपते ब्रूहि सत्यं कुतश्च कश्नचासि सुतश्न॒ कस्य । कृतं॑ त्वया यद्धि न तस्य कर्ता लोके त्वदन्य: क्षत्रियो ब्राह्मणों वा,महाराज! मैं आपसे एक बात पूछता हूँ। आप उसे सच-सच बताइये। आप कहाँसे आये हैं, कौन हैं और किसके पुत्र हैं? आपने जो कुछ किया है, उसे करनेवाला आपके सिवा दूसरा कोई क्षत्रिय अथवा ब्राह्मण इस संसारमें नहीं है

pṛcchāmi tvāṃ nṛpate brūhi satyaṃ kutaś ca kasya cāsi sutaś ca kasya | kṛtaṃ tvayā yad dhi na tasya kartā loke tvadanyaḥ kṣatriyo brāhmaṇo vā ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana sprach: „Ich frage dich, o König — sprich die Wahrheit: Woher bist du gekommen, wer bist du, und wessen Sohn bist du? Denn was du getan hast, das hat in dieser Welt außer dir kein anderer vollbracht, weder unter den kṣatriya noch selbst unter den brāhmaṇa.“

पृच्छामिI ask
पृच्छामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ् (पृच्छ्)
FormLat, Present, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
नृपतेO king
नृपते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (you)
ब्रूहि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormLot, Imperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्यम्the truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुतःfrom where
कुतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतस्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कःwho
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असिyou are
असि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormLat, Present, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
कृतम्done
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (कृत)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
यत्which/what
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्यof that/for that
तस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
कर्ताdoer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्वत्than you/from you
त्वत्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Ablative, Singular
अन्यःanother
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियःkshatriya
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःbrahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
N
nṛpati (king)
K
kṣatriya
B
brāhmaṇa
L
loka (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds satya (truthfulness) and accountability: a ruler is urged to disclose origin and lineage honestly, and extraordinary actions invite ethical scrutiny and responsibility.

The narrator frames a direct interrogation of a king: he is asked to state truthfully where he came from, who he is, and whose son he is, because his remarkable deed is portrayed as unmatched by anyone else in society, whether warrior or brahmin.