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Shloka 8

Ruru’s Lament and the Lifespan Exchange for Pramadvarā (रुरु–प्रमद्वरा आयुर्विभागः)

गतायुरेषा कृपणा गन्धर्वाप्सरसो: सुता । तस्माच्छोके मनस्तात मा कृथास्त्वं कथंचन,देवदूतने कहा--धर्मात्मा रुक! तुम दुःखसे व्याकुल हो अपनी वाणीद्वारा जो कुछ कहते हो, वह सब व्यर्थ है; क्योंकि जिस मनुष्यकी आयु समाप्त हो गयी है, उसे फिर आयु नहीं मिल सकती। यह बेचारी प्रमद्वरा गन्धर्व और अप्सराकी पुत्री थी। इसे जितनी आयु मिली थी, वह पूरी हो चुकी है। अतः तात! तुम किसी तरह भी मनको शोकमें न डालो

gatāyur eṣā kṛpaṇā gandharvāpsarasoḥ sutā | tasmāc choke manas tāta mā kṛthās tvaṃ kathaṃcana ||

Der göttliche Bote sprach: „Ihre zugemessene Lebenszeit ist vollendet; sie ist eine Bedauernswerte, die Tochter eines Gandharva und einer Apsaras. Darum, Lieber, lass deinen Geist auf keine Weise in Trauer versinken. Wenn die Lebensspanne eines Menschen erschöpft ist, kann sie nicht zurückgewonnen werden.“

गतायुःwhose lifespan is gone
गतायुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगतायु
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एषाthis (woman)
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृपणाwretched, pitiable
कृपणा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गन्धर्वof a Gandharva
गन्धर्व:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अप्सरसःof an Apsaras
अप्सरसः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्सरस्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
सुताdaughter
सुता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
शोकेin grief
शोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तातdear one / child (vocative)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
कृथाःdo / make
कृथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
कथंचनin any way, at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन

देवदूत उवाच

D
Devadūta (divine messenger)
G
Gandharva
A
Apsaras
P
Pramadvarā

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses acceptance of mortality: when one’s allotted lifespan (āyus) is exhausted, it cannot be restored. Therefore, grief should not be allowed to overwhelm the mind; one should respond with steadiness and discernment.

A divine messenger addresses the grieving man (Ruru in this episode) after Pramadvarā’s death, explaining that her life-span has ended and urging him not to sink into sorrow, since what is fated by the completion of āyus cannot be reversed.