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Shloka 7

Ruru’s Lament and the Lifespan Exchange for Pramadvarā (रुरु–प्रमद्वरा आयुर्विभागः)

देवदूत उवाच अभिधत्से ह यद्‌ वाचा रुरो दुःखेन तन्मृषा । यतो मर्त्यस्य धर्मात्मन्‌ नायुरस्ति गतायुष:,देवदूतने कहा--धर्मात्मा रुक! तुम दुःखसे व्याकुल हो अपनी वाणीद्वारा जो कुछ कहते हो, वह सब व्यर्थ है; क्योंकि जिस मनुष्यकी आयु समाप्त हो गयी है, उसे फिर आयु नहीं मिल सकती। यह बेचारी प्रमद्वरा गन्धर्व और अप्सराकी पुत्री थी। इसे जितनी आयु मिली थी, वह पूरी हो चुकी है। अतः तात! तुम किसी तरह भी मनको शोकमें न डालो

devadūta uvāca | abhidhatse ha yad vācā ruro duḥkhena tan mṛṣā | yato martyasya dharmātman nāyur asti gatāyuṣaḥ ||

Der göttliche Bote sprach: „O Gerechter, was du in deinem Schmerz laut klagend aussprichst, ist vergeblich. Denn ein Sterblicher, dessen zugemessene Lebenszeit vollendet ist, kann das Leben nicht wiedererlangen.“

देवदूतःthe divine messenger
देवदूतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवदूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अभिधत्सेyou utter / you state
अभिधत्से:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धा
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada
indeed
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाचाby (your) speech
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
रुरोO Ruru
रुरो:
TypeNoun
Rootरुरु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुःखेनwith sorrow
दुःखेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मृषाin vain / falsely
मृषा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमृषा
यतःbecause / since
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः
मर्त्यस्यof a mortal
मर्त्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धर्मात्मन्O righteous-souled one
धर्मात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आयुःlife-span
आयुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis / exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गतायुषःof one whose life-span has gone (is ended)
गतायुषः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगतायुस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

देवदूत उवाच

देवदूत (Devadūta, divine messenger)
रुरु (Ruru)
धर्मात्मन् (dharmātman, epithet of Ruru)

Educational Q&A

Grief-driven speech and pleading cannot reverse death once a mortal’s allotted lifespan is exhausted; the verse emphasizes acceptance of the fixed limit of human life and the futility of lamentation in such a case.

A divine messenger addresses Ruru, who is wailing in sorrow, and tells him that his words are ineffective because the person for whom he grieves has already reached the end of her destined lifespan.