Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 2

Āśramadharma and the Marks of the Muni

Yayāti–Aṣṭaka Saṃvāda

यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाकालं यथासुखम्‌ । धर्माविरुद्धं राजेन्द्र यथाहति स एव हि,राजेन्द्र! उनकी जैसी कामना होती, जैसा उत्साह होता और जैसा समय होता, उसके अनुसार वे सुखपूर्वक धर्मानुकूल भोगोंका उपभोग करते थे। वास्तवमें उसके योग्य वे ही थे

yathākāmaṁ yathotsāhaṁ yathākālaṁ yathāsukham | dharmāviruddhaṁ rājendra yathāhati sa eva hi ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O Bester der Könige! Nach ihrem Verlangen, nach ihrer Tatkraft, zur rechten Zeit und in ihrem Wohlbefinden genossen sie Freuden, die dem Dharma nicht zuwider waren. Wahrlich, solches Genießen ziemte nur ihnen — nur sie waren seiner wirklich würdig.“

यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
कामम्desire, wish
कामम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उत्साहम्energy, enthusiasm
उत्साहम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउत्साह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
कालम्time, occasion
कालम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सुखम्comfort, happiness
सुखम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मby/with dharma; righteousness
धर्म:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अविरुद्धम्not opposed (to), consistent (with)
अविरुद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअविरुद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अर्हतिis worthy, deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājendra (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

Enjoyment (kāma) is acceptable when it is regulated by time, capacity, and comfort, and—most importantly—when it does not conflict with dharma; worthiness is shown by ethical restraint in pleasure.

Vaiśampāyana describes the conduct of the subjects being spoken about: they partake of pleasures in a timely and fitting way, emphasizing that their enjoyment remains within the bounds of dharma and is therefore deserved.