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Shloka 14

Āśramadharma and the Marks of the Muni

Yayāti–Aṣṭaka Saṃvāda

या दुस्त्यजा दुर्मतिभिर्या न जीर्य॑ति जीर्यत: । योडसौ प्राणान्तिको रोगस्तां तृष्णां त्यजत: सुखम्‌,“खोटी बुद्धिवाले लोगोंके लिये जिसका त्याग करना अत्यन्त कठिन है, जो मनुष्यके बूढ़े होनेपर भी स्वयं बूढ़ी नहीं होती तथा जो एक प्राणान्तक रोग है, उस तृष्णाको त्याग देनेवाले पुरुषको ही सुख मिलता है

yā dustyajā durmatibhir yā na jīryati jīryataḥ | yo ’sau prāṇāntiko rogās tāṃ tṛṣṇāṃ tyajataḥ sukham ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „Jene Gier, die von Verblendeten nur äußerst schwer aufgegeben wird, die nicht altert, selbst wenn der Mensch altert, und die eine todbringende Krankheit ist — nur dem, der diesen Durst abwirft, erwächst wahres Glück.“

याwhich (she)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुस्त्यजाhard to abandon
दुस्त्यजा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुस्त्यज
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्मतिभिःby the foolish / ill-minded
दुर्मतिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
याwhich (she)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीर्यतिgrows old / decays
जीर्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootजॄ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
जीर्यतःof (a man) growing old
जीर्यतः:
TypeKridanta (Participle)
Rootजॄ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यःwhich / who
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असौthat (well-known)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद् (अदस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राणान्तिकःlife-ending / fatal
प्राणान्तिकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राणान्तिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रोगःdisease
रोगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरोग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ताम्that (her)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तृष्णाम्craving / thirst (desire)
तृष्णाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतृष्णा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
त्यजतःof one abandoning
त्यजतः:
TypeKridanta (Participle)
Rootत्यज्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
T
tṛṣṇā (craving/thirst)

Educational Q&A

Insatiable craving (tṛṣṇā) is portrayed as a fatal inner disease that does not diminish with age; genuine happiness belongs to the one who abandons it through discernment and self-restraint.

Vaiśaṃpāyana delivers a reflective, didactic statement within the Adi Parva’s discourse, emphasizing moral psychology: desire persists and destroys, while renouncing it is praised as the direct cause of well-being.