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Shloka 12

Āśramadharma and the Marks of the Muni

Yayāti–Aṣṭaka Saṃvāda

न जातु काम: कामानामुपभोगेन शाम्यति । हविषा कृष्णवर्त्मेव भूय एवाभिवर्धते,“परंतु विषयोंकी कामना उन विषयोंके उपभोगसे कभी शान्त नहीं होती; अपितु घीकी आहुति पड़नेसे अग्निकी भाँति वह अधिकाधिक बढ़ती ही जाती है

na jātu kāmaḥ kāmānām upabhogena śāmyati | haviṣā kṛṣṇavartmeva bhūya evābhivardhate ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Das Verlangen nach Sinnesobjekten wird niemals wahrhaft gestillt, indem man eben diese Dinge genießt. Vielmehr lodert es auf wie ein Feuer, das man mit Ghee-Opfern nährt, und wächst immer weiter an Kraft.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जातुever, at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
कामःdesire, craving
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कामानाम्of desires / of objects of desire
कामानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
उपभोगेनby enjoyment, by indulgence
उपभोगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपभोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शाम्यतिis pacified, becomes calm
शाम्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
हविषाwith oblation (ghee etc.)
हविषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कृष्णवर्त्माfire (lit. 'having black path/track')
कृष्णवर्त्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णवर्त्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
भूयःagain, further; more
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अभिवर्धतेgrows, increases
अभिवर्धते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kāma (desire)
H
havis (ghee oblation)
A
agni (fire, implied by the simile)

Educational Q&A

Indulgence does not end craving; it strengthens it. The verse teaches restraint (dama) and discernment: feeding desire with enjoyment is like feeding fire with ghee—its intensity increases rather than subsides.

As narrator, Vaiśampāyana delivers a general moral maxim within the Adi Parva’s instructional storytelling, using a sacrificial-fire simile to caution that pursuit of pleasures leads to escalating desire.