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Shloka 42

ययाति–देवयानी संवादः

Yayāti–Devayānī Dialogue and Śukra’s Consent

चिरं गतं पुनः कन्या पित्रे त॑ं संन्यवेदयत्‌ । विप्रेण पुनराहूतो विद्यया गुरुदेहज: । पुनरावृत्य तद्‌ वृत्तं न्‍्यवेदयत तद्‌ यथा,जब उसके लौटनेमें विलम्ब हुआ, तब आचार्यकन्याने पितासे पुनः यह बात बतायी। विप्रवर शुक्राचार्यने कचका पुनः संजीवनी विद्याद्वारा आवाहन किया। इससे बृहस्पतिपूुत्र कच पुनः वहाँ आ पहुँचे और उनके साथ असुरोंने जो बर्ताव किया था, वह बताया

ciraṁ gataṁ punaḥ kanyā pitre taṁ saṁnyavedayat | vipreṇa punarāhūto vidyayā gurudehajaḥ | punarāvṛtya tad vṛttaṁ nyavedayata tad yathā ||

When the maiden’s return was long delayed, she again reported the matter to her father. Then the eminent Brahmin Śukrācārya, by means of the reviving science (Saṁjīvanī-vidyā), summoned back Kaca, the son of Bṛhaspati. Having returned once more, Kaca related exactly what had happened to him and how the Asuras had treated him—highlighting both the peril of envy and the teacher’s duty to protect and restore the worthy disciple.

चिरम्for a long time
चिरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचिरम्
Formindeclinable (adverb)
गतम्gone; having gone
गतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formpast passive participle; nominative/accusative singular neuter (used predicatively)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
कन्याthe maiden (daughter)
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formfeminine; nominative singular
पित्रेto (her) father
पित्रे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
Formmasculine; dative singular
तम्that (matter/him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine; accusative singular
संन्यवेदयत्reported; informed
संन्यवेदयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-नि-विद्
Formimperfect (laṅ); parasmaipada; 3rd person singular
विप्रेणby the brahmin (Śukra)
विप्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
Formmasculine; instrumental singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
आहूतःcalled; summoned
आहूतः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ह्वा
Formpast passive participle; nominative singular masculine
विद्ययाby (means of) the knowledge/spell
विद्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
Formfeminine; instrumental singular
गुरुदेहजःthe son born of the guru (i.e., Bṛhaspati’s son)
गुरुदेहजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु-देहज
Formmasculine; nominative singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
आवृत्यhaving returned
आवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वृत्
Formabsolutive (ktvā/lyap); indeclinable
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter; accusative singular
वृत्तम्the event; what happened
वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
Formneuter; accusative singular
न्यवेदयत्reported; told
न्यवेदयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विद्
Formimperfect (laṅ); parasmaipada; 3rd person singular
तत्thus; that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter; accusative singular (adverbial: 'thus')
यथाas; in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable

शुक्र उवाच

Ś
Śukra (Śukrācārya)
K
Kaca
D
Devayānī (implied by 'kanyā' in this episode)
B
Bṛhaspati (implied by 'gurudehajaḥ')
A
Asuras (implied by the narrative context of their treatment)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical responsibility of a teacher to safeguard and restore a deserving student, and it exposes how envy-driven violence (the Asuras’ conduct) is ultimately countered by knowledge, duty, and truthful testimony.

Devayānī, worried by Kaca’s delayed return, informs her father Śukra. Śukra uses the Saṁjīvanī-vidyā to summon/revive Kaca, who returns and reports in detail the mistreatment he suffered at the hands of the Asuras.