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Shloka 32

अध्याय ७४: अक्रोध–क्षमा–निवासनीति

Chapter 74: Non-anger, Forbearance, and the Ethics of Residence

न तु तुष्यति यस्यैष पुरुषस्य दुरात्मन: | त॑ यम: पापकर्माणं वियातयति दुष्कृतम्‌,'परंतु जिस दुरात्मापर अन्तर्यामी संतुष्ट नहीं होते, यमराज उस पापीको उसके पापोंका स्वयं ही दण्ड देते हैं

na tu tuṣyati yasyaiṣa puruṣasya durātmanaḥ | taṃ yamaḥ pāpakarmāṇaṃ vyātayati duṣkṛtam ||

Wenn jedoch der innere Lenker — der inwendige Zeuge (Ātman) — an einem Mann von böser Gesinnung kein Wohlgefallen hat, dann zieht Yama selbst den Sünder zur Rechenschaft und lässt ihn die Folgen seiner Übeltaten erleiden.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तुष्यतिis pleased/satisfied
तुष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootतुष्
FormLat, present, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पुरुषस्यof the man/person
पुरुषस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
दुरात्मनःof the wicked-souled (man)
दुरात्मनः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदुरात्मन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
यमःYama (Lord of death)
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पापकर्माणम्sinful in deeds
पापकर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपापकर्मन्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
वियातयतिpunishes/torments
वियातयति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-यातय्
FormLat, present, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
दुष्कृतम्evil deed/sin
दुष्कृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत
Formneuter, accusative, singular

दुष्यन्त उवाच

दुष्यन्त (Duṣyanta)
यम (Yama)

Educational Q&A

Moral accountability is inescapable: when one’s inner moral witness is not satisfied, the cosmic judge Yama ensures that sinful actions bear their due consequences. The verse links inner ethical failure with external retribution under dharma.

Duṣyanta states a principle of dharmic justice while speaking: a wicked person who does not win the approval of the inner self cannot evade the results of wrongdoing, for Yama punishes the sinner for his misdeeds.