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Shloka 7

Ādi-parva, Adhyāya 73: Devayānī–Śarmiṣṭhā Dispute, Confinement in the Well, and Yayāti’s Rescue

आत्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव गतिरात्मैव चात्मन: । आत्मनो मित्रमात्मैव तथा55त्मा चात्मन: पिता | आत्मनैवात्मनो दानं कर्तुमरहसि धर्मत:,आत्मा ही अपना बन्धु है। आत्मा ही अपना आश्रय है। आत्मा ही अपना मित्र है और वही अपना पिता है, अतः तुम स्वयं ही धर्मपूर्वक आत्मसमर्पण करनेयोग्य हो

ātmano bandhur ātmaiva gatir ātmaiva cātmanaḥ | ātmano mitram ātmaiva tathātmā cātmanaḥ pitā || ātmanaivātmano dānaṃ kartum arhasi dharmataḥ | ātmā hi ātmanaḥ bandhuḥ ||

Duṣyanta sprach: „Für den Menschen ist das eigene Selbst allein der Verwandte; das eigene Selbst allein ist Zuflucht und letzter Weg. Das eigene Selbst allein ist Freund, und das Selbst ist gleichsam auch Vater des Selbst. Darum kannst du, dem Dharma gemäß, dich selbst als Gabe geben—dich aus eigenem Willen verbinden—denn das Selbst ist wahrhaft die Stütze des Selbst.“

आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
बन्धुःfriend/kinsman, helper
बन्धुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
गतिःrefuge, course, destination
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मित्रम्friend
मित्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मनाby oneself
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दानम्gift, giving
दानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou ought/are fit
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मतःaccording to dharma, rightly
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म
Formतसिल् (ablatival adverb)

दुष्यन्त उवाच

दुष्यन्त (Duṣyanta)
आत्मा (self)

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses moral agency: one’s own self is the primary support—friend, refuge, and guide—so righteous action ultimately depends on one’s own deliberate commitment. Hence, ‘giving oneself’ means consenting and taking responsibility in a dharmic way rather than relying on external compulsion.

Duṣyanta is persuading the listener by appealing to dharma and inner autonomy: since the self is one’s closest ally and refuge, the person should, by their own will, undertake the rightful commitment being asked of them.