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Shloka 18

Śakuntalā’s Satya-Discourse and the Recognition of Bharata (शकुन्तला–सत्योपदेशः; भरतप्रतिग्रहः)

विषमं पर्वतस्रस्तैरश्मभिश्व समावृतम्‌ । निर्जलं निर्मनुष्यं च बहुयोजनमायतम्‌,पर्वतकी चोटीसे गिरे हुए बहुत-से शिला-खण्ड वहाँ इधर-उधर पड़े थे। ऊँची-नीची भूमिके कारण वह वन बड़ा दुर्गग जान पड़ता था। अनेक योजनतक फैले हुए उस वनमें कहीं जल या मनुष्यका पता नहीं चलता था

viṣamaṃ parvatasrastair aśmabhiś ca samāvṛtam | nirjalaṃ nirmanuṣyaṃ ca bahuyojanam āyatam ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Die Gegend war schroff, übersät und bedeckt mit Felsbrocken, die von den Bergen herabgestürzt waren. Durch ihr unebenes Gelände erschien sie äußerst schwer zu durchqueren. Über viele Yojanas hin erstreckte sich diese Wildnis, ohne Zeichen von Wasser und ohne Spur menschlicher Gegenwart—eine karge, abweisende Landschaft, die Ausdauer und Entschlossenheit auf die Probe stellt.

विषमम्uneven, rugged
विषमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पर्वतस्रस्तैःfallen from mountains
पर्वतस्रस्तैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्वतस्रस्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अश्मभिःwith stones/rocks
अश्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समावृतम्covered, surrounded
समावृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-√वृ (वृञ् आवरणे)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्जलम्waterless
निर्जलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्मनुष्यम्devoid of people
निर्मनुष्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मनुष्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहुयोजनम्many-yojanas (in extent)
बहुयोजनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुयोजन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आयतम्extended, long, spread out
आयतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआयत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
mountains (parvata)
R
rocks/stones (aśman)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how the epic frames moral and spiritual testing through environment: an uninhabited, waterless, rock-strewn wilderness becomes a setting that demands steadiness, patience, and resilience—qualities essential for dharmic perseverance when external supports are absent.

Vaiśampāyana describes a vast stretch of harsh terrain—uneven ground covered with fallen mountain rocks, extending for many yojanas, with no water and no people—establishing the severity and isolation of the place through which the characters must pass or in which events are set.