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Shloka 160

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

सिद्धिर्धतिश्व ये देव्यौ पज्चानां मातरौ तु ते । कुन्ती माद्री च जज्ञाते मतिस्तु सुबलात्मजा,सिद्धि और धृति नामवाली जो दो देवियाँ हैं, वे ही पाँचों पाण्डवोंकी दोनों माताओं-- कुन्ती और माद्रीके रूपमें उत्पन्न हुई थीं। सुबल-नरेशकी पुत्री गान्धारीके रूपमें साक्षात्‌ मतिदेवी ही प्रकट हुई थीं

siddhir dhṛtiś ca ye devyau pañcānāṁ mātarau tu te | kuntī mādrī ca jajñāte matis tu subalātmajā ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Die beiden Göttinnen namens Siddhi und Dhṛti wurden auf Erden als die beiden Mütter der fünf Pāṇḍavas geboren — als Kuntī und Mādrī. Und die Göttin Mati selbst offenbarte sich als Gāndhārī, die Tochter des Königs Subala. So rahmt das Epos die wichtigsten Mütter der Kuru–Pāṇḍava-Linie als Verkörperungen göttlicher Qualitäten — Vollendung, Standhaftigkeit und unterscheidende Einsicht — und deutet an, dass die moralischen und seelischen Kräfte, die den kommenden Konflikt prägen, in heiligem Ursprung wurzeln.

सिद्धिःSiddhi (a goddess/personified success)
सिद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धृतिःDhṛti (a goddess/personified steadfastness)
धृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
येwho (two)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
देव्यौtwo goddesses
देव्यौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
पञ्चानाम्of five
पञ्चानाम्:
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्च
Form—, Genitive, Plural
मातरौtwo mothers
मातरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तेthose (two)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
कुन्तीKuntī
कुन्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
माद्रीMādrī
माद्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जज्ञातेwere born/appeared (as two)
जज्ञाते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Dual, Ātmanepada
मतिःMati (goddess/personified intellect)
मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सुबला-आत्मजाdaughter of Subalā (i.e., Gāndhārī)
सुबला-आत्मजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुबला + आत्मज
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
Siddhi (goddess)
D
Dhṛti (goddess)
K
Kuntī
M
Mādrī
P
Pāṇḍavas (the five)
M
Mati (goddess)
S
Subala
G
Gāndhārī

Educational Q&A

The verse presents key maternal figures as embodiments of divine virtues—Siddhi (accomplishment), Dhṛti (steadfastness), and Mati (intelligence). Ethically, it suggests that human history and moral struggle are shaped by inner qualities; the epic’s great outcomes depend not only on power but on the virtues and dispositions that give rise to action and counsel.

Vaiśampāyana explains a genealogical-cosmic detail: the goddesses Siddhi and Dhṛti took birth as Kuntī and Mādrī, the mothers of the five Pāṇḍavas, and the goddess Mati took birth as Gāndhārī, daughter of Subala. This situates the Kuru–Pāṇḍava family story within a divine framework.