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Shloka 23

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 186 — Drupada’s Summons and the Pāñcāla Reception

दृष्टवा तु तं द्रौपदी वाक्यमुच्चै- जगाद नाहं वरयामि सूतम्‌ । सामर्षहासं प्रसमीक्ष्य सूर्य तत्याज कर्ण: स्फुरितं धनुस्तत्‌,कर्णको देखकर द्रौपदीने उच्च स्वरसे यह बात कही--“मैं सूत जातिके पुरुषका वरण नहीं करूँगी।” यह सुनकर कर्णने अमर्षयुक्त हँसीके साथ भगवान्‌ सूर्यकी ओर देखा और उस प्रकाशमान धनुषको डाल दिया

dṛṣṭvā tu taṃ draupadī vākyam uccair jagāda nāhaṃ varayāmi sūtam | sāmarṣahāsaṃ prasmīkṣya sūryaṃ tatyāja karṇaḥ sphuritaṃ dhanus tat ||

Als sie ihn sah, rief Draupadī laut: „Ich werde keinen Mann aus der sūta‑Kaste wählen.“ Als Karṇa dies hörte—mit einem Lächeln verletzten Stolzes—blickte er zur Sonne auf und warf den glänzenden Bogen beiseite.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
द्रौपदीDraupadī
द्रौपदी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदी
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
वाक्यम्words/speech
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
उच्चैःaloud
उच्चैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चैः
जगादsaid/spoke
जगाद:
TypeVerb
Rootगद्
Formलिट् (perfect), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formnominative, singular
वरयामिchoose (as husband)
वरयामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वर्)
Formलट् (present), 1st, singular, parasmaipada
सूतम्a sūta (charioteer-caste man)
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सामर्षहासम्a laugh with indignation
सामर्षहासम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसामर्षहास
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
प्रसमीक्ष्यhaving looked at/after observing
प्रसमीक्ष्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), प्र + सम्, parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
सूर्यम्the Sun (god)
सूर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
तत्याजabandoned/cast away
तत्याज:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formलिट् (perfect), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्फुरितम्shining/trembling
स्फुरितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्फुरित
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), neuter, accusative, singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

D
Draupadī
K
Karṇa
S
Sūrya (Sun-god)
D
dhanuḥ (bow)
S
sūta (social designation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of judging worth by birth-status rather than ability and character. Publicly voiced exclusion wounds honor and can seed lasting resentment, showing how adharma can arise through speech that humiliates.

At Draupadī’s svayaṃvara, she declares she will not choose a sūta. Karṇa, stung, looks toward Sūrya and abandons the radiant bow, withdrawing from the contest.