Shloka 75

Narmadā–Tīrtha-Māhātmya: Sequence of Sacred Fords and Their Fruits

Devanagari script

अयने वा चतुर्दश्यां संक्रान्तौ विषुवे तथा / स्नात्वा तु सोपवासः सन् विजितात्मा समाहितः

Transliteration

ayane vā caturdaśyāṃ saṃkrāntau viṣuve tathā / snātvā tu sopavāsaḥ san vijitātmā samāhitaḥ

Translation

An den Tagen der ayana (Sonnenwenden), am caturdaśī, zur saṅkrānti (Sonneneintritt) und ebenso zur viṣuva (Tagundnachtgleiche) soll man, nachdem man gebadet hat, im Fasten verbleiben, sich selbst bezwingen, gesammelt und ruhig den Geist zusammenhalten.

Word by Word

• ayane: at the solstice
• ayane: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग — 'at the solstice'

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प (disjunctive particle)

• caturdaśyām: on the fourteenth lunar day
• caturdaśyām: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caturdaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग — 'on the fourteenth (tithi)'

• saṃkrāntau: at the saṅkrānti
• saṃkrāntau: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃkrānti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग — 'at the (solar) transit'

• viṣuve: at the equinox
• viṣuve: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣuva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग — 'at the equinox'

• tathā: also/likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb) — 'thus/also'

• snātvā: having bathed
• snātvā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: snā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) — 'having bathed'

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle) — emphasis

• sa-upavāsaḥ: observing a fast
• sa-upavāsaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (उपसर्ग/सह-अर्थ) + upavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग — अव्ययीभावः 'with fasting'

• san: being
• san: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (Present active participle), प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग — 'being'

• vijita-ātmā: self-controlled
• vijita-ātmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vijita (कृदन्त, √ji) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग — बहुव्रीहिः 'one whose self is conquered/controlled'

• samāhitaḥ: composed, concentrated
• samāhitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā-hita (कृदन्त, √dhā)
• Form: कृत (past participle), प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग — 'composed/collected (in mind)'

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing sages on dharma and vrata discipline

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Ayana (solstice)
• Caturdaśī (14th tithi)
• Saṅkrānti
• Viṣuva (equinox)
• Snāna (ritual bath)
• Upavāsa (fasting)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It implies that realization is supported by inner mastery—“vijitātmā” and “samāhitaḥ” point to the disciplined, unified mind through which the Self is approached, especially when aligned with sacred times.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes preparatory yogic disciplines: purification (snāna), restraint and austerity (upavāsa), self-mastery (vijitātmā), and focused composure (samāhitaḥ), forming a dharma-based gateway to meditation.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By grounding practice in universally shared vrata-yoga disciplines rather than sectarian markers, it reflects the Kurma Purana’s integrative approach where devotion and yogic restraint serve the same Supreme—honored in both Shaiva and Vaishnava streams.