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Shloka 22

Śrāddha-Kāla-Nirṇaya: Proper Times, Nakṣatra Fruits, Tīrtha Merit, and Offerings for Ancestral Rites

तस्माच्छ्राद्धं न कर्तव्यं चतुर्दश्यां द्विजातिभिः / शस्त्रेण तु हतानां वै तत्र श्राद्धं प्रकल्पयेत्

tasmācchrāddhaṃ na kartavyaṃ caturdaśyāṃ dvijātibhiḥ / śastreṇa tu hatānāṃ vai tatra śrāddhaṃ prakalpayet

Darum sollen die Dvija (die Zweimalgeborenen) das Śrāddha nicht am vierzehnten Mondtag (caturdaśī) vollziehen. Doch im Falle derer, die durch Waffen getötet wurden, darf man das Śrāddha an eben diesem Tag ordnungsgemäß ansetzen.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite
श्राद्धम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (कर्तव्य-निर्देशे)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
कर्तव्यम्to be done/should be performed
कर्तव्यम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formतव्यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम् (‘to be done’)
चतुर्दश्याम्on the fourteenth (tithi)
चतुर्दश्याम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; (तिथौ)
द्विजातिभिःby the twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विजातिभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/कर्ता-सहायक), बहुवचन; (by the twice-born)
शस्त्रेणby a weapon
शस्त्रेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन
तुhowever
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
हतानाम्of those who were killed
हतानाम्:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; ‘of the slain’
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphasis)
तत्रthere/in that case
तत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb: there/in that case)
श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite
श्राद्धम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन
प्रकल्पयेत्should arrange/perform
प्रकल्पयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कल्प् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Traditional Purāṇic narrator (Vyāsa) teaching dharma-vidhi to the listening sages

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

D
Dvija
P
Pitṛs
Ś
Śrāddha
C
Caturdaśī

FAQs

This verse is primarily dharma-vidhi (ritual law) rather than direct ātma-tattva teaching; it implies that spiritual welfare is supported through correct action (karma) aligned with śāstra, which sustains order (dharma) and benefits the departed.

No explicit yoga practice is taught here; the emphasis is on disciplined observance (niyama) within Varnāśrama Dharma—performing rites at proper times, with an exception for violent death—reflecting the Purāṇa’s broader stress on regulated conduct as a support for spiritual life.

The verse does not directly address Shiva–Vishnu unity; it reflects the Kurma Purana’s integrative dharma framework in which correct ancestral rites are upheld within a tradition that elsewhere harmonizes Vaiṣṇava and Śaiva teachings.