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Shloka 35

Rules of Food, Acceptance, and Purity for the Twice-Born

Dvija-Śauca and Anna-Doṣa

गोधा कूर्मः शशः श्वाविच्छल्यकश्चेति सत्तमाः / भक्ष्याः पञ्चनखा नित्यं मनुराह प्रिजापतिः

godhā kūrmaḥ śaśaḥ śvāvicchalyakaśceti sattamāḥ / bhakṣyāḥ pañcanakhā nityaṃ manurāha prijāpatiḥ

O Bester der Tugendhaften: die große Echse (godhā), die Schildkröte (kūrma), der Hase (śaśa), das Stachelschwein (śvāvit) und das Tier namens chalyaka — diese fünf „Fünfkralligen“ werden als stets essbar erklärt; so sprach Manu, Prajāpati, der Herr der Nachkommenschaft.

गोधाiguana/monitor lizard
गोधा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगोधा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (feminine)
कूर्मःtortoise
कूर्मः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकूर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (masculine)
शशःhare/rabbit
शशः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (masculine)
श्वावित्-छल्यकःporcupine and chalyaka (collectively)
श्वावित्-छल्यकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootश्वावित् (प्रातिपदिक) + छल्यक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (समाहार-द्वन्द्व) ‘श्वावित् च छल्यकः च’; Nominative singular (masculine collective)
and
:
Sambandha (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-अव्यय
इतिthus
इति:
Vākyārtha-sūcaka (वाक्यार्थ-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इति-कार (quotative)
सत्तमाःthe best (ones)
सत्तमाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; superlative adjective ‘best/most excellent’; Nominative plural (masculine)
भक्ष्याःedible/permitted to be eaten
भक्ष्याः:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-विशेषण from √भक्ष्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; भविष्यत्/योग्यतार्थक-प्रत्यय (ya) ‘fit to be eaten’; Nominative plural (masculine)
पञ्च-नखाःfive-clawed animals
पञ्च-नखाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्च (संख्या, अव्यय-प्राय) + नख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समास ‘पञ्च नखाः यस्य/येषां ते’ (five-clawed); Nominative plural (masculine)
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial accusative)
मनुःManu
मनुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमनु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (masculine)
आहsaid
आह:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/आह् (धातु; √अह् ‘to say’, परस्मैपद)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘said/has said’
प्रजापतिःlord of creatures (Prajāpati)
प्रजापतिः:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘प्रजानां पतिः’; apposition to मनुः; Nominative singular (masculine)

Narrator/Compiler voice citing Manu (Dharma authority) within the Kurma Purana’s dharma section

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

K
Kurma
M
Manu
P
Prajapati

FAQs

It does not directly define Ātman; it supports dharma through discipline of āhāra (diet), which in the Purāṇic framework is a preparatory purity aiding steadiness of mind for higher knowledge.

No specific yoga technique is taught here; the verse contributes to yogic preparedness by regulating food choices (śauca and sāttvika restraint), a common prerequisite for sustained japa, dhyāna, and vrata observances in the Kurma Purana.

It does not explicitly discuss Shiva–Vishnu unity; it reflects the shared dharma foundation used by both Shaiva and Vaishnava paths in the Kurma Purana—ethical discipline as the ground for devotion and realization.