Shloka 38

Brahmacārin-Dharma: Guru-Sevā, Daily Vedic Study, Gāyatrī-Japa, and Anadhyāya Regulations

Devanagari script

संवत्सरोषिते शिष्ये गुरुर्ज्ञानमनिर्दिशन् / हरते दुष्कृतं तस्य शिष्यस्य वसतो गुरुः

Transliteration

saṃvatsaroṣite śiṣye gururjñānamanirdiśan / harate duṣkṛtaṃ tasya śiṣyasya vasato guruḥ

Translation

Wenn ein Schüler ein Jahr lang beim Lehrer gewohnt hat, selbst wenn der Guru noch keine formale Unterweisung erteilt hat, nimmt der Guru—kraft des Wohnens und Dienens—das Verdienstlose, das Übel (duṣkṛta) dieses Schülers hinweg.

Word by Word

• संवत्सर: a year
• संवत्सर: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास-पूर्वपद/उपपद (as qualifier in compound)

• उषिते: (having) stayed for a year
• उषिते: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वस् (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) ‘dwelt’; सप्तमी एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (locative absolute-like qualifier); समास: संवत्सर-उषिते = ‘(when) having stayed for a year’

• शिष्ये: in the disciple
• शिष्ये: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग

• गुरुः: the teacher
• गुरुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचन नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• अनिर्दिशन्: not teaching/pointing out
• अनिर्दिशन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-निर्दिश् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), प्रथमा एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग; ‘not indicating/teaching’—गुरुः इत्यस्य विशेषण

• हरते: takes away/removes
• हरते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• दुष्कृतम्: sin/evil deed
• दुष्कृतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचन नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• तस्य: of him/of that (disciple)
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सर्वनाम

• शिष्यस्य: of the disciple
• शिष्यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग

• वसतः: who is residing (with him)
• वसतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वस् (धातु) + शतृ (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (present participle) ‘dwelling’; षष्ठी एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग—शिष्यस्य इत्यस्य विशेषण

• गुरुः: the teacher
• गुरुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग; पुनरुक्ति (emphatic repetition)

Speaker

Traditional narrator in the Kurma Purana (instructional passage on varṇāśrama and guru-sevā; presented within the Purva-bhāga’s dharma-teachings)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Guru
• Shishya

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it emphasizes inner purification (pāpa-kṣaya) through disciplined guru-sevā, which prepares the seeker for jñāna that reveals the Atman; the verse focuses on the prerequisite cleansing rather than defining the Atman.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The practice is guru-vāsa (residing with the teacher) and seva (service) as a yogic discipline of humility, restraint, and purification—supporting later śiva/īśvara-oriented yoga and knowledge as taught in the Kurma Purana’s broader spiritual program.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly; it reflects the Purana’s integrative approach where dharma-based purification and guru-discipline are shared foundations for both Śaiva (Pāśupata) and Vaiṣṇava paths leading toward the same highest realization.