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Shloka 40

Karma-yoga Discipline for the Twice-born: Upanayana, Upavīta Conduct, Guru-veneration, and Alms-regimen

यो भ्रातरं पितृसमं ज्येष्ठं मूर्खो ऽवमन्यते / तेन दोषेण स प्रेत्य निरयं घोरमृच्छति

yo bhrātaraṃ pitṛsamaṃ jyeṣṭhaṃ mūrkho 'vamanyate / tena doṣeṇa sa pretya nirayaṃ ghoramṛcchati

Der Tor, der seinen älteren Bruder — der einem Vater gleich zu achten ist — verächtlich behandelt, gelangt aufgrund eben dieser Schuld nach dem Tod in eine schreckliche Hölle.

यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
भ्रातरम्brother
भ्रातरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
पितृ-समम्equal to a father
पितृ-समम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + sama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formउपमान-तत्पुरुष (pituḥ samaḥ); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणं भ्रातरम् प्रति
ज्येष्ठम्elder
ज्येष्ठम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjyeṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (भ्रातरम् प्रति); द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
मूर्खःa fool
मूर्खः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrkha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; यः इत्यस्य विशेषण/अपादान-कर्ता
अवमन्यतेdisrespects, despises
अवमन्यते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√man (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present); प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
तेनby that, because of that
तेन:
Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक; तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/हेतु), एकवचन
दोषेणby the fault
दोषेण:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootdoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति (हेतु/करण), एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्रेत्यafter death
प्रेत्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√i (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); ‘मृत्वा’ अर्थे
निरयम्hell
निरयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणं निरयम् प्रति
ऋच्छतिgoes to, reaches
ऋच्छति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ṛ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present); प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Traditional purāṇic narrator (Dharma-instruction within the Kurma Purana’s discourse)

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

E
Elder brother (jyeṣṭha-bhrātṛ)
P
Pitṛ (father)
N
Niraya (hell)

FAQs

Indirectly, it frames dharma as a purifier of the mind: disrespect rooted in ego and delusion produces heavy karma, obstructing inner clarity that supports Self-knowledge (ātma-jñāna).

No technique is taught directly; the verse emphasizes ethical restraint—humility and reverence toward elders—as the moral groundwork that stabilizes the mind, aligning with the Kurma Purana’s broader yoga-oriented discipline.

It does not address Shiva–Vishnu theology explicitly; it supports the shared purāṇic ethic upheld across Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis: dharma and right conduct are prerequisites for higher spiritual realization.