Shloka 21
चतुर्युगाख्यान (Caturyuga-Ākhyāna) — Yuga-wise Origins and Measurements of Beings
Devanagari script
दशात्मके ये विषये कारणे चाष्टलक्षणे / न क्रुध्यन्ति न त्दृष्यन्ति जितात्मानस्तु ते स्मृताः
Transliteration
daśātmake ye viṣaye kāraṇe cāṣṭalakṣaṇe / na krudhyanti na tdṛṣyanti jitātmānastu te smṛtāḥ
Translation
Wer in den zehnfachen Gegenständen und in der Ursache mit acht Merkmalen weilt, ohne zu zürnen und ohne nach Begierde zu dürsten—der gilt als Selbstbezwinger.
Word by Word
daśātmakein the tenfold (ten-natured)
daśātmake:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśa + ātmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषण (locative qualifier)
yewho (those who)
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम
viṣayein the object/field (of experience)
viṣaye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन
kāraṇein the cause
kāraṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
aṣṭalakṣaṇein the eight-characterized (eightfold)
aṣṭalakṣaṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭa + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; द्विगुसमास, विशेषण
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)
krudhyantithey get angry
krudhyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkrudh (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)
tadthat
tad:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (here as object-pronoun)
dṛśyantithey are seen/they appear
dṛśyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद (passive-like sense: 'are seen/appear')
jitātmānaḥself-controlled (those whose self is conquered)
jitātmānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjita (कृदन्त; √ji धातु) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—'जितः आत्मा येषाम्'
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वयबोधक अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
smṛtāḥare called/are considered
smṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛta (कृदन्त; √smṛ धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विधेय (predicate)