Shloka 54
Rāja-prabodhana and Prātaḥ-kṛtya
Awakening of the King and Morning Observances
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणो नावमन्तव्यो वन्दनीयश्च नित्यशः / प्रतिसंग्राहयणीयश्च नाधिकं साधितं क्वचित्
Transliteration
brāhmaṇo nāvamantavyo vandanīyaśca nityaśaḥ / pratisaṃgrāhayaṇīyaśca nādhikaṃ sādhitaṃ kvacit
Translation
Einen Brahmanen darf man niemals verachten; er ist stets zu verehren. Man soll ihn ehrerbietig aufnehmen; es gibt keine höhere Übung als diese.
Word by Word
brāhmaṇaḥa Brahmin
brāhmaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
avamantavyaḥto be disrespected (should be)
avamantavyaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootava√man (धातु) + tavya (क्तव्य प्रत्यय)
FormGerundive/obligatory passive participle (क्तव्य), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); sense: ‘should not be disrespected’
vandanīyaḥworthy of reverence
vandanīyaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√vand (धातु) + anīya (अनीयर् प्रत्यय)
FormGerundive (अनीयर्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
nityaśaḥalways
nityaśaḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnityaśas (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय) meaning ‘always/constantly’
pratitowards; in return
prati:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprati (अव्यय)
FormPreverb/indeclinable (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
saṃgrāhayaṇīyaḥto be welcomed/received
saṃgrāhayaṇīyaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam√grah (धातु) + ayaṇīya (अनीय/णीयत् भाव)
FormGerundive (णीयत्/अनीय), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); sense: ‘to be received/accepted hospitably’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
adhikammore; excessive
adhikam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially ‘excessively/more’
sādhitamaccomplished
sādhitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√sādh (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); sense: ‘accomplished/achieved’
kvacitever; anywhere
kvacit:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable adverb (देश/काल-अव्यय) ‘anywhere/ever’