Shloka 48
Rāma’s Inquiry into the Hidden Identity of the Radiant Stranger
Dialogue Frame
Devanagari script
युद्धे पराजिता देवाः सकला वासवादयः / शङ्करं शरणं चग्मुर्हतैश्वर्या ह्यरातिभिः
Transliteration
yuddhe parājitā devāḥ sakalā vāsavādayaḥ / śaṅkaraṃ śaraṇaṃ cagmurhataiśvaryā hyarātibhiḥ
Translation
Im Krieg besiegt, suchten alle Götter — Indra und die übrigen —, deren Herrlichkeit von den Feinden zerschlagen war, bei Śaṅkara Zuflucht.
Word by Word
yuddhein battle
yuddhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
parājitāḥdefeated
parājitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparā + ji (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (devāḥ)
devāḥthe gods
devāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
sakalāḥall/entire
sakalāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsakala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (devāḥ)
vāsava-ādayaḥIndra and the others
vāsava-ādayaḥ:
Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvāsava + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (vāsavaḥ ādiḥ yeṣām) = ‘Indra and others’ (ādayaḥ as group marker)
śaṅkaramŚaṅkara (Śiva)
śaṅkaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṅkara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
śaraṇamrefuge
śaraṇam:
Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaraṇa (प्रातिपदik)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; द्वितीया-प्रयोगः (as goal: refuge)
cagmuḥwent/approached
cagmuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
hata-aiśvaryāḥwhose sovereignty was destroyed
hata-aiśvaryāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata + aiśvarya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त (PPP) ‘hata’, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (hataṃ aiśvaryaṃ yeṣām)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (causal/emphatic particle: indeed/for)
arātibhiḥby enemies
arātibhiḥ:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootarāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन