Shloka 23
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
समोदं भोजयेद्विप्रानेकपङ्क्त्यां तु यो नरः / नियुक्तो ह्यनि युक्तो वा पङ्क्त्या हरति किल्बिषम्
Transliteration
samodaṃ bhojayedviprānekapaṅktyāṃ tu yo naraḥ / niyukto hyani yukto vā paṅktyā harati kilbiṣam
Translation
Wer die Vipras freudig in vielen Reihen bewirtet, ob beauftragt oder unbeauftragt, der tilgt durch dieses Reihenmahl die Schuld.
Word by Word
sa-modamjoyfully
sa-modam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/सह) + moda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva used adverbially; accusative-form adverb ‘with joy/pleasantly’
bhojayetshould feed
bhojayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhuj (धातु; causative bhojaya)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada; causative ‘should feed’
viprānBrahmins
viprān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural
eka-paṅktyāmin a single dining row
eka-paṅktyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक) + paṅkti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘one row/one line (of diners)’
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (विरोध/अन्वय)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
naraḥman
naraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition to yaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
niyuktaḥappointed
niyuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootni-yukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √yuj ‘युज्’ with ni-)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; past participle ‘appointed/assigned’
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha/Emphasis
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormCausal/emphatic particle (निपात)
a-niyuktaḥunappointed
a-niyuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota-niyukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; नञ् + niyukta)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘not appointed’
vāor
vā:
Sambandha
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)
paṅktyāby (means of) the dining row
paṅktyā:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpaṅkti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
haratiremoves
harati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√hṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada
kilbiṣamsin
kilbiṣam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootkilbiṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular