Shloka 10
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
तस्माद्दद्यात्सदा दान्तः समभ्यार्च्यातिथिं नरः / व्यञ्जनानि तु वक्ष्यामि फलं तेषां तथैव च
Transliteration
tasmāddadyātsadā dāntaḥ samabhyārcyātithiṃ naraḥ / vyañjanāni tu vakṣyāmi phalaṃ teṣāṃ tathaiva ca
Translation
Darum soll der beherrschte Mensch stets spenden und den Gast gebührend verehren. Nun werde ich die Speisen und ebenso ihre Frucht darlegen.
Word by Word
tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतस्मात् इति अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगवत् (ablatival adverbial use), हेतुवाचक (causal): 'therefore/from that'
dadyātshould give
dadyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (दा) (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण
dāntaḥself-controlled
dāntaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdānta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) to naraḥ; 'self-controlled'
samabhyārcyahaving duly worshipped
samabhyārcya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-abh-arc (सम्+अभि+अर्च्) (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund/त्वान्त), 'having duly worshipped'
atithima guest
atithim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
naraḥa man
naraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
vyañjanāniside-dishes/condiments
vyañjanāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvyañjana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; here object of 'vakṣyāmi' as 'I will tell (the) dishes'
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधान/विरोधार्थक निपात (particle: 'but/indeed')
vakṣyāmiI will tell
vakṣyāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच्) (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
phalamthe fruit/result
phalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
teṣāmof those
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
tathāthus/so
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (manner adverb)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)