Shloka 52
Adhyaya 234 — The Threefold Suffering and the Path to Ultimate Dissolution
Devanagari script
जातमात्रश् च म्रियते बालभावे च यौवने यद् यत् प्रीतिकरं पुंसां वस्तु विप्राः प्रजायते //
Translation
Vers (52) mahnt: Dharma und Wahrheit zu befolgen ist die Grundlage von Weisheit und heiligem Verdienst.
Word by Word
jāta-mātraḥjust born
jāta-mātraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootjāta-mātra (प्रातिपदिक; जात + मात्र)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम्—(नरः) ‘just born’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
mriyatedies
mriyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootmṛ (मृ धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
bāla-bhāvein childhood
bāla-bhāve:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/state)
TypeNoun
Rootbāla-bhāva (प्रातिपदिक; बाल + भाव)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
yauvanein youth
yauvane:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/state)
TypeNoun
Rootyauvana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
yatwhatever
yat:
Karma (कर्म/object; with prajāyate)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद्-प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; यत्-तत् सम्बन्धे ‘whatever’ (correlative)
yatwhatever
yat:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद्-प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पुनरुक्तिः—यद् यद् = ‘whatever (each)’
prīti-karampleasure-giving
prīti-karam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprīti-kara (प्रातिपदिक; प्रीति + कर)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम्—वस्तु
puṃsāmof men/people
puṃsām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootpuṃs (पुंस्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
vastua thing, object
vastu:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvastu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
viprāḥO Brahmins
viprāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे प्रयुक्तम् (vocative sense)
prajāyatearises, comes into being
prajāyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootjan (जन् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः प्र-
Speaker
Didactic voice addressing brāhmaṇas (viprāḥ) as audience.