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Shloka 18

Dadhīci’s Supreme Charity and the Opening of Indra’s War with Vṛtrāsura

रुद्रैर्वसुभिरादित्यैरश्विभ्यां पितृवह्निभि: । मरुद्भ‍िर्ऋभुभि: साध्यैर्विश्वेदेवैर्मरुत्पतिम् ॥ १७ ॥ द‍ृष्ट्वा वज्रधरं शक्रं रोचमानं स्वया श्रिया । नामृष्यन्नसुरा राजन्मृधे वृत्रपुर:सरा: ॥ १८ ॥

rudrair vasubhir ādityair aśvibhyāṁ pitṛ-vahnibhiḥ marudbhir ṛbhubhiḥ sādhyair viśvedevair marut-patim

O König, als die Asuras unter der Führung Vṛtrāsuras das Schlachtfeld betraten, sahen sie Śakra, Indra, den Träger des Vajra, umgeben von Rudras, Vasus, Ādityas, den Aśvinī-Kumāras, den Pitṛs, den Vahnis (Agni), den Maruts, Ṛbhus, Sādhyas und Viśvadevas. Von seiner eigenen śrī erstrahlend, war Indras Glanz für die Dämonen unerträglich.

रुद्रैःby/with the Rudras
रुद्रैः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण) बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
वसुभिःby/with the Vasus
वसुभिः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
आदित्यैःby/with the Ādityas
आदित्यैः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
अश्विभ्याम्by/with the Aśvins (two)
अश्विभ्याम्:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया द्विवचन; Instrumental dual
पितृवह्निभिःby/with the Pitṛs and the Fires
पितृवह्निभिः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ + वह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural; द्वन्द्वसमास (पितरः च वह्नयः च)
मरुद्भिःby/with the Maruts
मरुद्भिः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
ऋभुभिःby/with the Ṛbhus
ऋभुभिः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootऋभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
साध्यैःby/with the Sādhyas
साध्यैः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
विश्वेदेवैःby/with the Viśvedevas (All-gods)
विश्वेदेवैः:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वे + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural; कर्मधारय (विश्वे देवाः = all the gods as a class)
मरुत्पतिम्the lord of the Maruts (Indra)
मरुत्पतिम्:
Karma/कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; Accusative singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (मरुतां पतिः)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having seen’
वज्रधरम्the wielder of the thunderbolt
वज्रधरम्:
Karma/कर्म (Object; apposition to शक्रम्)
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र + धर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; Accusative singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (वज्रं धरति इति)
शक्रम्Śakra (Indra)
शक्रम्:
Karma/कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; Accusative singular
रोचमानम्shining, resplendent
रोचमानम्:
Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootरुच् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय वर्तमानकृदन्त (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; agreeing with शक्रम्
स्वयाby his own
स्वया:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन; Instrumental singular; agreeing with श्रिया
श्रियाsplendor, fortune
श्रिया:
Sahakāraka/करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootश्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन; Instrumental singular
not
:
Sambandha/सम्बन्ध (Negation of verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (particle of negation)
अमृष्यन्they could not tolerate
अमृष्यन्:
Kriyā/क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootमृष् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘they did not endure/tolerate’
असुराःthe Asuras
असुराः:
Karta/कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; Nominative plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana/सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन एकवचन; Vocative singular
मृधेin battle
मृधे:
Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण (Location/occasion)
TypeNoun
Rootमृध्/मृध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन; Locative singular
वृत्रपुरःसराःwith Vṛtra in front/led by Vṛtra
वृत्रपुरःसराः:
Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्र + पुरःसर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; Nominative plural; बहुव्रीहि (वृत्रः पुरःसरः येषाम्) qualifying असुराः
I
Indra (Śakra)
V
Vṛtrāsura
R
Rudras
V
Vasus
Ā
Ādityas
A
Aśvinī-kumāras
P
Pitṛs
A
Agni
M
Maruts
Ṛbhus
S
Sādhyas
V
Viśvedevas
K
King Parīkṣit

FAQs

In this verse, Śukadeva describes Indra arriving with many classes of demigods (Rudras, Vasus, Ādityas, Aśvins, etc.), showing that the devas unite under divine order to confront Vṛtra’s forces.

The verse states they “could not tolerate” Indra’s radiance and glory; their envy and hostility intensified when they saw the thunderbolt-bearing Indra, so they rushed forward led by Vṛtra.

It highlights how envy makes one unable to tolerate another’s success or divine favor; cultivating humility and devotion helps replace rivalry with inner steadiness and dharmic action.