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Shloka 13

Vidura’s Return; Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Departure; Nārada’s Instruction on Kāla and Detachment

नन्वप्रियं दुर्विषहं नृणां स्वयमुपस्थितम् । नावेदयत् सकरुणो दु:खितान् द्रष्टुमक्षम: ॥ १३ ॥

nanv apriyaṁ durviṣahaṁ nṛṇāṁ svayam upasthitam nāvedayat sakaruṇo duḥkhitān draṣṭum akṣamaḥ

Jenes Ereignis war für die Menschen höchst unerquicklich und kaum zu ertragen und war von selbst eingetreten. Der mitfühlende Vidura konnte es nicht ertragen, die Pāṇḍavas betrübt zu sehen; darum offenbarte er es nicht.

nanuindeed
nanu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnanu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic/indeed)
apriyamunpleasant news/thing
apriyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootapriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; used as object of ‘to inform’ (what is unpleasant)
durviṣahamhard to endure
durviṣaham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdur (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + viṣaha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘hard to bear’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies apriyam
nṛṇāmof men/people
nṛṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
svayamby itself/itself
svayam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphasis adverb
upasthitamhaving come/occurred
upasthitam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-sthā (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त) भूतकर्मणि; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘having presented itself/arrived’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
āvedayathe informed
āvedayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु) with ā- (उपसर्ग)
Formलङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative/denominative sense ‘made known/informed’
sa-karuṇaḥbeing compassionate
sa-karuṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + karuṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘compassionate’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
duḥkhitānthe distressed persons
duḥkhitān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
draṣṭumto see
draṣṭum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु) + tumun (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृदन्त (तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त infinitive); ‘to see’
akṣamaḥunable
akṣamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota (नञ्) + kṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective

According to Nīti-śāstra (civic laws) one should not speak an unpalatable truth to cause distress to others. Distress comes upon us in its own way by the laws of nature, so one should not aggravate it by propaganda. For a compassionate soul like Vidura, especially in his dealings with the beloved Pāṇḍavas, it was almost impossible to disclose an unpalatable piece of news like the annihilation of the Yadu dynasty. Therefore he purposely refrained from it.

V
Vidura
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra

FAQs

This verse highlights that a compassionate devotee may hesitate to deliver unbearable news because he cannot tolerate seeing others suffer—showing truth should be conveyed with sensitivity and mercy.

In the narrative of Canto 1 Chapter 13, Vidura is described as deeply compassionate; he did not disclose the harsh calamity at once because he could not bear to witness Dhritarashtra and others becoming overwhelmed with grief.

When correcting or informing others, combine honesty with empathy—choose the right time, words, and intention so that truth helps uplift rather than needlessly crush the heart.