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Shloka 20

Pūru-vaṁśa, Duṣmanta–Śakuntalā, and the Rise of Mahārāja Bharata

यदा न जगृहे राजा भार्यापुत्रावनिन्दितौ । श‍ृण्वतां सर्वभूतानां खे वागाहाशरीरिणी ॥ २० ॥

yadā na jagṛhe rājā bhāryā-putrāv aninditau śṛṇvatāṁ sarva-bhūtānāṁ khe vāg āhāśarīriṇī

Als der König seine untadelige Gattin und den Sohn nicht annehmen wollte, ertönte, von allen vernommen, eine körperlose Stimme aus dem Himmel als göttliches Zeichen.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal conjunction/adverb)
not
:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
जगृहेaccepted; took
जगृहे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘पुत्रौ’ इत्यनेन सह द्वन्द्वार्थे समाहारः
पुत्रौtwo sons / the son (dual form in text-tradition)
पुत्रौ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन
अनिन्दितौblameless
अनिन्दितौ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिन्दित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन; विशेषणम् ‘भार्या-पुत्रौ’ (द्वन्द्वसमूह)
शृण्वताम्of those listening
शृण्वताम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive absolute-like)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘शृण्वताम्’ = ‘श्रवणं कुर्वताम्’
सर्वभूतानाम्of all beings
सर्वभूतानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (सर्वाणि भूतानि)
खेin the sky
खे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
वाक्a voice
वाक्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
आहsaid
आह:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/ब्रू (धातु; ‘आह’ इति रूपम्)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘उवाच’ अर्थे
अशरीरिणीbodiless
अशरीरिणी:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-शरीरिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘वाक्’

Mahārāja Duṣmanta knew that Śakuntalā and the boy were his own wife and son, but because they came from outside and were unknown to the citizens, he at first declined to accept them. Śakuntalā, however, was so chaste that an omen from the sky declared the truth so that others could hear. When everyone heard from the omen that Śakuntalā and her child were truly the King’s wife and son, the King gladly accepted them.

Y
Yayāti

FAQs

This verse describes an aśarīriṇī vāk—an incorporeal heavenly voice—appearing when the king refuses to accept his blameless wife and son, indicating divine oversight in upholding dharma.

Because the wife and son were described as anindita (faultless), the refusal created a moral crisis; the narrative signals that higher authority intervenes to direct the king back toward righteous conduct.

When we reject innocent people or avoid responsibility, consequences arise; this verse encourages self-correction and listening to conscience, scripture, and wise counsel to realign with dharma.