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Shloka 31

Dharma, Purity, and the Inner Purpose of the Vedas

Karma-kāṇḍa Reoriented to Bhakti

स्वप्नोपमममुं लोकमसन्तं श्रवणप्रियम् । आशिषो हृदि सङ्कल्प्य त्यजन्त्यर्थान् यथा वणिक् ॥ ३१ ॥

svapnopamam amuṁ lokam asantaṁ śravaṇa-priyam āśiṣo hṛdi saṅkalpya tyajanty arthān yathā vaṇik

Diese Welt gleicht einem Traum: angenehm zu hören, doch in Wahrheit unwirklich. Wie ein törichter Kaufmann sein echtes Vermögen für nutzlose Spekulationen preisgibt, so geben Verblendete das wahrhaft Wertvolle im Leben auf und jagen dem Aufstieg in den materiellen Himmel nach, während sie im Herzen alle Segnungen ausmalen.

स्वप्न-उपमम्like a dream
स्वप्न-उपमम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक) + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) एकवचनम्; उपमान-तत्पुरुषः (‘स्वप्नस्य उपमः’) विशेषणम् (qualifying लोकम्)
अमुम्this/that (yonder)
अमुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम; विशेषणम् (qualifying लोकम्)
लोकम्world
लोकम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) एकवचनम्
असन्तम्unreal/impermanent
असन्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifying लोकम्)
श्रवण-प्रियम्pleasing to hear about
श्रवण-प्रियम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रवण (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (‘श्रवणस्य प्रियः’) विशेषणम् (qualifying लोकम्)
आशिषःblessings (wishes)
आशिषः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआशिष् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) बहुवचनम् (वेदिक/छान्दस-रूपम्); ‘आशीः’ = blessings/wishes
हृदिin the heart
हृदि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी (7th/Locative) एकवचनम्
सङ्कल्प्यhaving conceived
सङ्कल्प्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसङ्कल्प (कृदन्त; सम्+√कॢप्/√कल्प् (धातु) + ल्यप्)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्यय-भावः (absolutive/gerund); ‘having imagined/resolved’
त्यजन्तिthey abandon
त्यजन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√त्यज् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present) प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person) बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; पदे ‘त्यजन्त्य’ इति छन्दसि यकार-आगम/सन्धिः
अर्थान्wealth/objects
अर्थान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) बहुवचनम्
यथाas
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्ययम् (comparative particle: ‘as/like’)
वणिक्a merchant
वणिक्:
Upamāna-karta (उपमान-कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवणिज् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) एकवचनम्; ‘वणिज्’ का प्रातिपदिक-रूप ‘वणिक्’

All over the world people are working hard to achieve perfect sense gratification in this life or the next. As eternal living beings, part and parcel of Lord Kṛṣṇa, we are naturally endowed with all bliss and knowledge in the association of the Lord. But giving up this exalted position of spiritual bliss and knowledge, we foolishly waste our time pursuing the phantasmagoria of bodily happiness, just like a foolish businessman who squanders his real assets in imaginary business ventures that deliver no real profit.

U
Uddhava
K
Krishna

FAQs

In this verse, Kṛṣṇa describes the world as dreamlike and unreal (asat), even though it sounds attractive, urging discernment and detachment from its promises.

Kṛṣṇa is instructing Uddhava in discrimination (viveka) and renunciation (vairāgya), showing how people sacrifice real value for imagined gains in a temporary world.

Treat worldly goals as temporary: invest time and energy first in lasting spiritual practice (bhakti, japa, satsanga), and handle money and ambition without being driven by endless hopes.