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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 5

Vānaprastha-vidhi and Sannyāsa-dharma: Austerity, Detachment, and the Paramahaṁsa Ideal

अग्निपक्वं समश्न‍ीयात् कालपक्व‍मथापि वा । उलूखलाश्मकुट्टो वा दन्तोलूखल एव वा ॥ ५ ॥

agni-pakvaṁ samaśnīyāt kāla-pakvam athāpi vā ulūkhalāśma-kuṭṭo vā dantolūkhala eva vā

Er kann Speisen essen, die im Feuer gegart wurden, wie Getreide, oder Früchte, die durch die Zeit gereift sind. Er kann seine Nahrung mit Mörser und Stein zerstoßen oder sogar mit den eigenen Zähnen, als wären sie ein Mörser.

अग्नि-पक्वम्fire-cooked (food)
अग्नि-पक्वम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्नि + पक्व (प्रातिपदिक; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त from √पच्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; Accusative singular; तत्पुरुष: ‘cooked by fire’
समश्नीयात्should eat
समश्नीयात्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + अश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘should eat’
काल-पक्वम्time-ripened
काल-पक्वम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाल + पक्व (प्रातिपदिक; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त from √पच्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; Accusative singular; तत्पुरुष: ‘ripened by time’
अथor else/then
अथ:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction/particle (अनन्तरार्थक/विकल्पार्थक)
अपिalso/even
अपि:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle (समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ)
वाor
वा:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Disjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक)
उलूखल-अश्म-कुट्टः(one who uses) mortar and stone-pestle
उलूखल-अश्म-कुट्टः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootउलूखल + अश्म + कुट्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Nominative singular; द्वन्द्वसमास (copulative): ‘(using) mortar and stone-pestle’ (as a person having/using them)
वाor
वा:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Disjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक)
दन्त-उलूखलः(one who uses) teeth as a mortar
दन्त-उलूखलः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदन्त + उलूखल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Nominative singular; तत्पुरुष: ‘tooth as mortar’ i.e., grinding with teeth
एवindeed/only
एव:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक/अवधारण)
वाor
वा:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Disjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक)

In Vedic civilization it is recommended that at the end of one’s life one should go to a holy place or forest for spiritual perfection. In sacred forests one does not find restaurants, supermarkets, fast-food chains and so on, and thus one must eat simply, reducing sense gratification.

K
Kṛṣṇa
U
Uddhava

FAQs

In this verse, Kṛṣṇa explains that a renunciant should accept extremely simple food—either cooked by fire or naturally ripened—minimizing dependence on complex preparation and living with austerity.

Kṛṣṇa is teaching Uddhava the conduct of renunciation and self-control—how an aspirant reduces bodily demands and cultivates detachment while remaining focused on spiritual realization.

Adopt voluntary simplicity: reduce unnecessary consumption, prefer plain and wholesome food, and cultivate gratitude and restraint so the mind can stay steady in devotion and self-discipline.