Shloka 33

दारुकश्चोदयामास काञ्चनोपस्करं रथम् । मिषतां भूभुजां राज्ञि मृगाणां मृगराडिव ॥ ३३ ॥

dārukaś codayām āsa kāñcanopaskaraṁ ratham miṣatāṁ bhū-bhujāṁ rājñi mṛgāṇāṁ mṛga-rāḍ iva

O Königin, Dāruka lenkte den Wagen des Herrn, mit goldenem Zierrat geschmückt. Die Könige starrten nur hinterher—wie kleine Tiere, die hilflos den Löwenkönig betrachten.

दारुकःDāruka (Krishna's charioteer)
दारुकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदारुक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
उदयाम्drove/urged on
उदयाम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + या (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष?—न; अत्र ‘उदयाम्’ इति धातोः ‘उद्-या’ (to drive/urge) लुङ्-आदेशः, प्रथमपुरुष-एकवचनार्थे ‘उदयाम्’ इति छान्दस/पौराणिक प्रयोगः; causative sense supported by context
आसdid/was (auxiliary in periphrastic perfect)
आस:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
काञ्चन-उपस्करम्having golden equipment
काञ्चन-उपस्करम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाञ्चन (प्रातिपदिक) + उपस्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी/कर्मधारयार्थ-तत्पुरुषः—‘काञ्चनेन उपस्करेण युक्तम्’
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
मिषताम्of those watching
मिषताम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootमिष् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शानच्), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; ‘मिषत्’ = पश्यत् (while looking)
भू-भुजाम्of the kings
भू-भुजाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक) + भुज् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘भूः भुनक्ति/पालयति’ = भूमिपालः (king)
राज्ञिin/at the king (i.e., in the presence of the king)
राज्ञि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन
मृगाणाम्of the deer
मृगाणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन
मृग-राट्lion (king of beasts)
मृग-राट्:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक) + राट्/राज् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘मृगाणां राट्’ (king of beasts)
इवlike
इव:
Upamana (उपमान-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle)
D
Dāruka
K
Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse depicts Kṛṣṇa’s chariot, driven by Dāruka, moving before the watching kings with the dominance of a lion among deer—highlighting His unrivaled royal and divine presence.

Dāruka is Kṛṣṇa’s trusted charioteer. Here he drives Kṛṣṇa’s richly adorned chariot forward in full view of the assembled rulers.

It teaches steadiness and dignified purpose: one who is aligned with dharma and devotion moves without intimidation, even when many influential observers are watching.