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Shloka 43

Balarāma Humbles the Kurus and Rescues Sāmba

जलयानमिवाघूर्णं गङ्गायां नगरं पतत् । आकृष्यमाणमालोक्य कौरवा: जातसम्भ्रमा: ॥ ४२ ॥ तमेव शरणं जग्मु: सकुटुम्बा जिजीविषव: । सलक्ष्मणं पुरस्कृत्य साम्बं प्राञ्जलय: प्रभुम् ॥ ४३ ॥

jala-yānam ivāghūrṇaṁ gaṅgāyāṁ nagaraṁ patat ākṛṣyamāṇam ālokya kauravāḥ jāta-sambhramāḥ

Als sie sahen, dass ihre Stadt wie ein Floß auf dem Meer schwankte, fortgeschleppt wurde und im Begriff stand, in die Ganga zu stürzen, gerieten die Kauravas in Panik. Um ihr Leben zu retten, suchten sie mit ihren Familien beim Herrn Zuflucht; Sāmba und Lakṣmaṇā voranstellend, falteten sie die Hände und flehten.

jala-yānama water-vehicle/boat
jala-yānam:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootjala + yāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (जलस्य यानम्)
ivalike/as
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)
āghūrṇamwhirling/rolling
āghūrṇam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāghūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
gaṅgāyāmin the Ganges
gaṅgāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन
nagaramthe city
nagaram:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnagara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
patatfalling
patat:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/participial)
TypeVerb
Rootpat (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शतृँ-प्रत्यय), प्रथमा, नपुंसक एकवचन; ‘पतत्’ = falling
ākṛṣyamāṇambeing dragged
ākṛṣyamāṇam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√kṛṣ (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (कर्मणि, शानच्), नपुंसक प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘being dragged/pulled’
ālokyahaving seen
ālokya:
Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootā-√lok (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; ‘having seen’
kauravāḥthe Kauravas
kauravāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkaurava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
jāta-sambhramāḥhaving become alarmed
jāta-sambhramāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjāta + sambhrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (जातः सम्भ्रमः येषाम्/जातसम्भ्रमाः = whose agitation has arisen)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
evaindeed/alone
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
śaraṇamrefuge
śaraṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
jagmuḥthey went/approached
jagmuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
sa-kuṭumbāḥwith their families
sa-kuṭumbāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa + kuṭumba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अव्ययीभाव (सह कुटुम्बेन)
jijīviṣavaḥdesiring to live
jijīviṣavaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjijīviṣu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; इच्छार्थक-विशेषण (desiderative sense: wishing to live)
sa-lakṣmaṇamtogether with Lakṣmaṇa
sa-lakṣmaṇam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव (सह लक्ष्मणेन)
puraskṛtyahaving put forward/leading
puraskṛtya:
Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpuras-√kṛ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive), अव्यय; ‘having placed in front/having led’
sāmbaṁSāmba
sāmbaṁ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsāmba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
prāñjalayaḥwith folded hands
prāñjalayaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (hands folded)
prabhumthe Lord/master
prabhum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

The city of Hastināpura began to roll about like a raft in a stormy sea. The frightened Kauravas, to quickly appease the Lord, immediately brought Sāmba and Lakṣmaṇā and placed them in front.

K
Kauravas
G
Gaṅgā
L
Lakṣmaṇā
S
Sāmba
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse shows the Kauravas, overwhelmed by danger, giving up pride and seeking refuge in the Lord—illustrating that surrender to Bhagavān is the ultimate protection when worldly supports fail.

As the situation turned threatening and their city was being dragged toward the Gaṅgā, they feared for their lives and therefore approached Sāmba respectfully, seeking relief through him while ultimately taking shelter of the Lord.

When crisis strikes, replace panic and blame with humility, prayer, and dharmic action—seeking guidance from the Lord and His devotees rather than relying only on control and power.