Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

Balarāma Humbles the Kurus and Rescues Sāmba

जलयानमिवाघूर्णं गङ्गायां नगरं पतत् । आकृष्यमाणमालोक्य कौरवा: जातसम्भ्रमा: ॥ ४२ ॥ तमेव शरणं जग्मु: सकुटुम्बा जिजीविषव: । सलक्ष्मणं पुरस्कृत्य साम्बं प्राञ्जलय: प्रभुम् ॥ ४३ ॥

jala-yānam ivāghūrṇaṁ gaṅgāyāṁ nagaraṁ patat ākṛṣyamāṇam ālokya kauravāḥ jāta-sambhramāḥ

Als die Kauravas sahen, dass ihre Stadt, fortgeschleift, wie ein Floß auf dem Meer schwankte und im Begriff war, in die Ganga zu stürzen, ergriff sie panische Furcht. Um ihr Leben zu retten, suchten sie mit ihren Familien beim Herrn Zuflucht; Sāmba und Lakṣmaṇā voranstellend, falteten sie die Hände und flehten den Erhabenen an.

jala-yānama boat/watercraft
jala-yānam:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक) + yāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘जले यानम्’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमानपदम्
ivalike
iva:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान-निपात
āghūrṇamwhirling/rolling about
āghūrṇam:
Karta/Karma (contextual)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√ghūrṇ (धातु) + ta (क्त, PPP)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying nagaram)
gaṅgāyāmin the Ganges
gaṅgāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन
nagaramthe city
nagaram:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnagara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
patatfalling/plunging
patat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpat (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ, present participle)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying nagaram)
ākṛṣyamāṇambeing dragged
ākṛṣyamāṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√kṛṣ (धातु) + yamāna (शानच्, present passive participle)
Formकृदन्त (शानच्/Present passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying nagaram)
ālokyahaving seen
ālokya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√lok (धातु) + ya (ल्यप्/absolutive)
Formकृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive), अव्ययभाव
kauravāḥthe Kauravas
kauravāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkaurava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
jāta-sambhramāḥhaving become alarmed
jāta-sambhramāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootjāta (प्रातिपदिक; from √jan) + sambhrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘जातः सम्भ्रमः येषाम्’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying kauravāḥ)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
evaalone/indeed
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)
śaraṇamrefuge
śaraṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; गत्यर्थक-क्रियायाः कर्म (object of jagmuḥ)
jagmuḥthey went
jagmuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
sa-kutumbāḥwith their families
sa-kutumbāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa- (उपसर्ग/सह) + kutumba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying kauravāḥ) — ‘with family’
jijīviṣavaḥdesiring to live
jijīviṣavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootji (धातु) + īviṣa (इष्-प्रत्यय; desiderative base)
Formइच्छार्थक (desiderative sense ‘to wish to live’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्
sa-lakṣmaṇamtogether with Lakṣmaṇa
sa-lakṣmaṇam:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootsa- (सह) + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘लक्ष्मणेन सह’ (with Lakṣmaṇa)
puraskṛtyahaving placed in front/leading with
puraskṛtya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpuras-√kṛ (धातु) + tvā (क्त्वा/absolutive)
Formकृदन्त (क्त्वा/absolutive), अव्ययभाव
sāmbamSāmba
sāmbam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsāmba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
prāñjalayaḥwith folded hands
prāñjalayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying kauravāḥ) — ‘with joined palms’
prabhumthe lord/master
prabhum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

The city of Hastināpura began to roll about like a raft in a stormy sea. The frightened Kauravas, to quickly appease the Lord, immediately brought Sāmba and Lakṣmaṇā and placed them in front.

K
Kauravas

FAQs

In this verse, the Kauravas are described as panicking when their city is dragged like a boat on the Gaṅgā, showing how worldly power collapses before superior, divinely-backed strength.

They saw their own city being forcibly pulled and made to sway, an overwhelming threat that exposed their inability to control the situation.

Pride in position and security can vanish suddenly; steadiness comes from humility and taking shelter of the Lord rather than relying only on external power.