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Shloka 20

Nanda Mahārāja Celebrates Kṛṣṇa’s Birth; Vasudeva Warns of Danger

वसुदेव उपश्रुत्य भ्रातरं नन्दमागतम् । ज्ञात्वा दत्तकरं राज्ञे ययौ तदवमोचनम् ॥ २० ॥

vasudeva upaśrutya bhrātaraṁ nandam āgatam jñātvā datta-karaṁ rājñe yayau tad-avamocanam

Als Vasudeva hörte, dass Nanda, sein lieber Freund und Bruder, nach Mathurā gekommen und die Abgabe an den König bereits entrichtet hatte, begab er sich zu Nandas Wohnstatt.

vasudevaḥVasudeva
vasudevaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvasudeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
upaśrutyahaving heard
upaśrutya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootupa-√śru (धातु)
FormKtvānta/absolutive (क्त्वान्त), gerund: ‘having heard’
bhrātarambrother
bhrātaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nandamNanda
nandam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnanda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to ‘bhrātaram’
āgatamarrived
āgatam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
FormKta participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying ‘nandam’
jñātvāhaving learned
jñātvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√jñā (धातु)
FormKtvānta/absolutive (क्त्वान्त), gerund: ‘having known/understood’
datta-karamthe paid tax
datta-karam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdatta (√dā, क्त-कृदन्त) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘tax that has been paid’
rājñeto the king
rājñe:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (एकवचन)
yayauwent
yayau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्, perfect), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
tat-avamocanamfor his release (from that)
tat-avamocanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + avamocana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); purpose/object of going

Vasudeva and Nanda Mahārāja were so intimately connected that they lived like brothers. Furthermore, it is learned from the notes of Śrīpāda Madhvācārya that Vasudeva and Nanda Mahārāja were stepbrothers. Vasudeva’s father, Śūrasena, married a vaiśya girl, and from her Nanda Mahārāja was born. Later, Nanda Mahārāja himself married a vaiśya girl, Yaśodā. Therefore his family is celebrated as a vaiśya family, and Kṛṣṇa, identifying Himself as their son, took charge of vaiśya activities ( kṛṣi-go-rakṣya-vāṇijyam ). Balarāma represents plowing the land for agriculture and therefore always carries in His hand a plow, whereas Kṛṣṇa tends cows and therefore carries a flute in His hand. Thus the two brothers represent kṛṣi-rakṣya and go-rakṣya.

V
Vasudeva
N
Nanda Mahārāja
K
Kaṁsa (the king)

FAQs

Because he heard Nanda had arrived and, knowing Nanda had already paid the king’s tax, Vasudeva went to ensure Nanda’s release from any further official trouble.

It highlights the atmosphere of state pressure and taxation, where even respectable leaders like Nanda could face entanglement, prompting Vasudeva to intervene.

Protect family and community members from unnecessary anxiety and bureaucracy, and act responsibly and promptly when you learn someone is in difficulty.