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Shloka 13

Veṇu-gīta-āhvāna and the Gopīs’ Appeal: The Opening of Rāsa-līlā

श्रीशुक उवाच उक्तं पुरस्तादेतत्ते चैद्य: सिद्धिं यथा गत: । द्विषन्नपि हृषीकेशं किमुताधोक्षजप्रिया: ॥ १३ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca uktaṁ purastād etat te caidyaḥ siddhiṁ yathā gataḥ dviṣann api hṛṣīkeśaṁ kim utādhokṣaja-priyāḥ

Śukadeva sagte: Das habe ich dir schon zuvor erklärt: wie Śiśupāla, der König von Caidya, Vollkommenheit erlangte. Wenn selbst einer, der Hṛṣīkeśa hasste, das Ziel erreichte, wie viel mehr erst die lieben Geweihten des Adhokṣaja!

śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय (śrī + śuka)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
uktam(it) was said
uktam:
Karma (कर्म/That which is stated)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भावे/कर्मणि—‘said/has been said’
purastātpreviously
purastāt:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurastāt (अव्यय)
Formकाल/देश-अव्यय (adverb: earlier/before)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म/Object of uktaṁ)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
teto you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी (6th/4th Gen./Dat.), एकवचन; here दत्तिवाचक (to you/for you)
caidyaḥCaidya (Śiśupāla)
caidyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootcaidya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
siddhimperfection/liberation
siddhim:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsiddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
yathāas
yathā:
Prakāra (प्रकार/Mode)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; यथार्थ/प्रकार (correlative adverb: as/how)
gataḥattained/went
gataḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया—‘went/attained’)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—क्त (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग
dviṣanhating
dviṣan:
Karta (कर्ता—qualifier of caidyaḥ)
TypeVerb
Rootdviṣ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—शतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘hating’
apieven/although
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपि (concessive/also)
hṛṣīkeśamHṛṣīkeśa (Lord of the senses)
hṛṣīkeśam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of dviṣan)
TypeNoun
Roothṛṣīkeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (hṛṣīkāṇām īśaḥ)
kimwhat then?
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative particle)
utathen/indeed
uta:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuta (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्प/उत्कर्ष (especially/then)
adhokṣaja-priyāḥthose dear to Adhokṣaja
adhokṣaja-priyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—implied ‘attain’)
TypeNoun
Rootadhokṣaja + priya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (adhokṣajasya priyāḥ)

Although the spiritual nature of conditioned souls may be covered by illusion, Lord Kṛṣṇa’s spiritual nature is omnipotent and is never covered by any other power. In fact, all other powers are His energy and thus function according to His will. The Brahma-saṁhitā (5.44) states, sṛṣṭi sthiti-pralaya-sādhana-śaktir ekā/ chāyeva yasya bhuvanāni bibharti durgā / icchānurūpam api yasya ca ceṣṭate sā : “The mighty Durgā, who creates, maintains and annihilates the material worlds, is the potency of the Supreme Lord, and she moves like His shadow, according to His desire.” Thus because the Lord’s spiritual influence does not depend on whether someone understands Him or not, the gopīs’ spontaneous love for Kṛṣṇa guaranteed their spiritual perfection.

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
C
Caidya (Śiśupāla)
H
Hṛṣīkeśa (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
A
Adhokṣaja (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)

FAQs

This verse states that Śiśupāla attained perfection because—even in hatred—his mind was absorbed in Kṛṣṇa (Hṛṣīkeśa).

He contrasts hostile absorption with loving devotion: if even an enemy attained perfection by focusing on Kṛṣṇa, then the gopīs—beloved of Adhokṣaja—are certainly supremely qualified.

The verse highlights the transformative power of sustained remembrance of Kṛṣṇa; cultivating loving remembrance (bhakti) is the safest and highest application.