Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

Kṛṣṇa Swallows the Forest Fire (Dāvāgni-līlā) and Restores the Herd

तेऽपश्यन्त: पशून् गोपा: कृष्णरामादयस्तदा । जातानुतापा न विदुर्विचिन्वन्तो गवां गतिम् ॥ ३ ॥

te ’paśyantaḥ paśūn gopāḥ kṛṣṇa-rāmādayas tadā jātānutāpā na vidur vicinvanto gavāṁ gatim

Als sie die Kühe nicht mehr vor sich sahen, empfanden Kṛṣṇa, Rāma und die Hirtenknaben plötzlich Reue über ihre Nachlässigkeit. Sie suchten überall, konnten aber nicht herausfinden, wohin die Kühe gegangen waren.

तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
अपश्यन्तःdid not see
अपश्यन्तः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), बहुवचनम्; नकारार्थे ‘न’ विना—‘they did not see’
पशून्the animals (cows/cattle)
पशून्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) बहुवचनम्
गोपाःthe cowherd boys
गोपाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनम्
कृष्ण-राम-आदयःKṛṣṇa, Rāma, and others
कृष्ण-राम-आदयः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + राम (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनम्; समाहार/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (copulative: ‘Kṛṣṇa and Rāma and others’)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)
जात-अनुतापाःhaving become distressed
जात-अनुतापाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootजात (कृदन्त; √जन्) + अनुताप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-भावे तत्पुरुषः—‘arisen (jāta) remorse/heat (anutāpa)’ = ‘having become distressed’
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation to verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम् (negation particle)
विदुःknew
विदुः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), बहुवचनम्
विचिन्वन्तःsearching
विचिन्वन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent; participial)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चि (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्तः (present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदी-भावः; ‘searching’
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे षष्ठी (6th/Genitive) बहुवचनम्
गतिम्the path/whereabouts
गतिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) एकवचनम्
K
Krishna
B
Balarama
G
Gopas (cowherd boys)

FAQs

Because they could not see their cows/animals and, not knowing where they had gone, anxiety arose while they searched for them.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī narrates this verse to Mahārāja Parīkṣit as part of the Vraja-līlā account in Canto 10.

When responsibility and uncertainty create anxiety, one should respond with steady, purposeful effort—like the gopas searching together—while keeping faith in Kṛṣṇa’s guiding presence.