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Shloka 40

Paugaṇḍa Cowherding, Tālavana, the Slaying of Dhenukāsura, and Revival from Poisoned Yamunā Water

अथ तालफलान्यादन्मनुष्या गतसाध्वसा: । तृणं च पशवश्चेरुर्हतधेनुककानने ॥ ४० ॥

atha tāla-phalāny ādan manuṣyā gata-sādhvasāḥ tṛṇaṁ ca paśavaś cerur hata-dhenuka-kānane

Daraufhin kehrten die Menschen, nun ohne Furcht, in den Wald zurück, wo Dhenuka getötet worden war, und aßen die Früchte der Palmen. Auch die Kühe konnten dort frei das Gras weiden.

अथthen
अथ:
सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपक्रम (Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (then/now)
तालफलानिpalm fruits
तालफलानि:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootताल + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; समासः—तालस्य फलानि (palm-fruits)
आदन्they took
आदन्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्
मनुष्याःthe people
मनुष्याः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
गतसाध्वसाःfreed from fear
गतसाध्वसाः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootगत (गम्-धातु, क्त) + साध्वस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—गतं साध्वसं येषाम् (whose fear has gone)
तृणम्grass
तृणम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतृण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
and
:
समुच्चय (Coordinator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
पशवःthe animals
पशवः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
चेरुःthey grazed / roamed
चेरुः:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्
हतधेनुककाननेin the forest where Dhenuka was killed
हतधेनुककानने:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootहत (हन्-धातु, क्त) + धेनुक + कानन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—हतो धेनुकः यस्मिन् कानने (in the forest where Dhenuka was slain)

According to the ācāryas, low-class people such as the pulindas ate the fruits of the palm trees, but Kṛṣṇa’s cowherd boyfriends considered them undesirable, since they had been tainted with the blood of the asses.

D
Dhenuka

FAQs

This verse states that after Dhenuka was killed, the people became “gata-sādhvasāḥ”—free from fear—showing how Kṛṣṇa’s protection restores peace and confidence to the residents.

Dhenuka’s presence had made the forest dangerous; once he was slain, the threat ended, and the residents could safely collect the tāla fruits that were previously inaccessible.

The shloka highlights that when a major source of harm is removed, life becomes steady again—devotees apply this by taking shelter of Kṛṣṇa through bhakti to overcome fear and regain inner calm.