Shloka 31

Paugaṇḍa Cowherding, Tālavana, the Slaying of Dhenukāsura, and Revival from Poisoned Yamunā Water

Devanagari script

पुनरासाद्य संरब्ध उपक्रोष्टा पराक् स्थित: । चरणावपरौ राजन् बलाय प्राक्षिपद् रुषा ॥ ३१ ॥

Transliteration

punar āsādya saṁrabdha upakroṣṭā parāk sthitaḥ caraṇāv aparau rājan balāya prākṣipad ruṣā

Translation

O König, erneut vor Wut entbrannt, näherte sich Dhenuka Herrn Balarama, stellte sich mit dem Rücken zu Ihm und schleuderte, vor Zorn schreiend, beide Hinterbeine gegen Ihn.

Synonyms

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb) — again

• आसाद्य: having approached
• आसाद्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ- सद् (धातु) → आसाद्य (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund) — having approached/attacked

• संरब्धः: enraged
• संरब्धः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifies implied subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सं-रभ् (धातु) → संरब्ध (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — enraged/agitated

• उपक्रोष्टा: the braying one
• उपक्रोष्टा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उप-क्रुश् (धातु) → उपक्रोष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्तृवाचक तृ-प्रत्ययान्त (agent noun); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — one who bellows/cries out

• पराक्: away
• पराक्: क्रियाविशेषण (Directional)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पराञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (directional adverb) — away/backwards

• स्थितः: standing
• स्थितः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifies subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (धातु) → स्थित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — standing/positioned

• चरणौ: two feet
• चरणौ: कर्म (Karma/Object of throwing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन — (his) two feet

• अपरौ: the other (pair)
• अपरौ: विशेषण (Adjective to चरणौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; (चरणौ) विशेषण — the other (two)

• राजन्: O King
• राजन्: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन — O King

• बलाय: to Balarāma
• बलाय: सम्प्रदान (Sampradana/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), एकवचन — to/for Balarāma

• प्राक्षिपत्: threw
• प्राक्षिपत्: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — threw

• रुषा: in anger
• रुषा: करण (Instrumental/Means; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुष्/रुषा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन — with anger

Purport

The word upakroṣṭā indicates an ass and also one who is crying out nearby. Thus it is indicated herein that the powerful Dhenuka made horrible, angry sounds.

Characters & Entities

• Parīkṣit Mahārāja
• Balarāma
• Dhenukāsura

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about Dhenukāsura’s attack on Balarāma?

This verse describes Dhenukāsura repeatedly charging in rage, braying, turning his hindquarters, and striking at Lord Balarāma with his back legs.

Why is Parīkṣit Mahārāja addressed as “O King” in this verse?

Śukadeva Gosvāmī is narrating Kṛṣṇa’s Vṛndāvana līlā to Parīkṣit Mahārāja, so he addresses him directly while describing the demon’s assault.

Practical application of this pastime in modern life?

The verse highlights how uncontrolled anger drives reckless aggression; devotees learn to take shelter of the Lord and cultivate steadiness rather than reacting in rage.