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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ashtama Skandha, Shloka 3

Matsya-avatāra: The Lord as Fish Saves the Vedas and Guides Satyavrata

यदर्थमदधाद् रूपं मात्स्यं लोकजुगुप्सितम् । तम:प्रकृति दुर्मर्षं कर्मग्रस्त इवेश्वर: ॥ २ ॥ एतन्नो भगवन् सर्वं यथावद् वक्तुमर्हसि । उत्तमश्लोकचरितं सर्वलोकसुखावहम् ॥ ३ ॥

yad-artham adadhād rūpaṁ mātsyaṁ loka-jugupsitam tamaḥ-prakṛti-durmarṣaṁ karma-grasta iveśvaraḥ

Zu welchem Zweck nahm der Bhagavān die von der Welt verachtete Fischgestalt an, tamasischer Natur und voller Leid, als wäre Er dem Karma unterworfen? O Herr, erkläre uns dies alles der Wahrheit gemäß; das Hören von Uttamaślokas Taten bringt allen Welten Glück und Segen.

yat-arthamfor what purpose
yat-artham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyad + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव: yat-artham = yasya arthāya (for what purpose); used adverbially
adadhātassumed/put on
adadhāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dhā (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्/Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
rūpama form
rūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular
mātsyamfish (as)
mātsyam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmātsya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; qualifying rūpam
loka-jugupsitamdespised by the world
loka-jugupsitam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootloka + jugupsita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gup/√gups (धातु) + kta)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; तत्पुरुष: lokaiḥ jugupsitam (despised by the world)
tamaḥ-prakṛti-durmarṣamof dark nature, hard to bear
tamaḥ-prakṛti-durmarṣam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottamas + prakṛti + durmarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; multi-member determinative qualifying rūpam: 'of dark nature, hard to endure'
karma-grastaḥas if seized by karma
karma-grastaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkarma + grasta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gras (धातु) + kta)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; qualifying īśvaraḥ; तत्पुरुष: karmaṇā grastaḥ (seized by karma)
ivaas if
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormParticle of comparison (उपमावाचक-अव्यय)
īśvaraḥthe Lord
īśvaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

Parīkṣit Mahārāja’s question to Śukadeva Gosvāmī was based on this principle stated by the Lord Himself in Bhagavad-gītā (4.7) :

M
Matsya
K
King Parikshit
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī

FAQs

This verse raises the question that the Lord accepted a seemingly lowly fish form to accomplish a divine purpose—His līlā to protect the world and His devotees—though He is never actually bound by material conditions.

Parīkṣit notes that the Lord can appear within material modes for His pastimes, but this is only an appearance; the Supreme Controller remains transcendental and acts by His own will.

Do not judge spiritual greatness by external appearance; the Divine may work through humble or unexpected forms, and devotees should cultivate reverence and discernment beyond worldly prejudice.