Mantra 10

Sukta 8

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

या पुरस्ताद् युज्यते या च पश्चाद् या विश्वतो युज्यते या च सर्वतः । यया यज्ञः प्राङ् तायते तां त्वा पृछामि कतमा सर्चाम्

IAST Transliteration

yā́ purástād yujyáte yā́ ca paścā́d yā́ viśváto yujyáte yā́ ca sárvataḥ | yayā́ yajñáḥ prā́ṅ tāyáte tā́ṃ tvā pr̥chāmi katamā́ sā́ ŕ̥cām ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

She who is yoked in front, and she who behind; she who is yoked from every side, and she from all quarters: by whom the Sacrifice is stretched forth and drawn onward—her I ask of thee: which of the verses is she?

Translation

Die, die vorn angespannt wird, und die, die hinten; die, die von allen Seiten angespannt wird, und die aus allen Himmelsrichtungen: durch die das Opfer (yajña) nach vorn ausgespannt und weitergezogen wird—nach ihr frage ich dich: welche der ṛc‑Verse ist sie?

Word by Word

• या: she/that which
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → या-

• पुरस्तात्: in front, from the east/fore
• पुरस्तात्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरस् (अव्ययीभाव/उपपद) → पुरस्तात्

• युज्यते: is yoked/joins/is applied
• युज्यते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (युजँ समाधौ/योगे) धातु

• या: she/that which
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् → या-

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पश्चात्: behind, from the west/aft
• पश्चात्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चा/पश्चात् (अव्यय) → पश्चात्

• या: she/that which
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् → या-

• विश्वतः: from all sides, on every side
• विश्वतः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित-अव्यय) → विश्वतः

• युज्यते: is yoked/joins/is applied
• युज्यते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् धातु

• या: she/that which
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् → या-

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सर्वतः: from everywhere, on all sides
• सर्वतः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित-अव्यय) → सर्वतः

• यया: by which
• यया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम) → यया

• यज्ञः: the sacrifice
• यज्ञः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्राङ्: forward-facing, eastward
• प्राङ्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राञ्च्/प्राङ् (दिक्शब्द-प्रातिपदिक)

• तायते: stretches/extends (goes forth)
• तायते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: तन् (तनुँ विस्तारे) धातु; वैदिक-प्रयोगः ‘तायते’

• ताम्: that (her)
• ताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) → ताम्

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम) → त्वा

• पृच्छामि: I ask
• पृच्छामि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ् (प्रच्छँ ज्ञीप्सायाम्/प्रश्ने) धातु

• कतमा: which (one)?, what (kind)?
• कतमा: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: कतम (प्रश्नवाचक-प्रातिपदिक)

• सा: she/that
• सा: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) → सा

• ऋचाम्: of the verses (ṛcs)
• ऋचाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋच्/ऋचा (प्रातिपदिक ‘ऋच्’ = ऋग्वेद-मन्त्र/ऋक्)

Attribution

Rishi: Skambha-speculative tradition (variable)

Devata: Ṛc/Chandas as personified ordering power; ultimately Skambha/Brahman

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (mixed)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta