Sutra 4

Devanagari script

वार्त्ता दण्डनीतिश्चेति बार्हस्पत्याः ॥ कZ_०१.२.०४ ॥

Transliteration

vārttā daṇḍanītiś ceti bārhaspatyāḥ

Translation

Nach den Anhängern Bṛhaspatis sind die Wissenschaften (nur): Wirtschaft/materieller Lebensunterhalt (vārttā) und die Wissenschaft von Regierung und Zwang (daṇḍanīti).

Word by Word

वार्त्ताeconomics/means of livelihood (agriculture, cattle-rearing, trade)

दण्डनीतिःpolicy of punishment; governance/administration of justice

चand

इतिthus; so (marking the quoted enumeration)

बार्हस्पत्याः(these are) the views/teachings of the Bārhaspatyas (followers of Bṛhaspati)

Entities Mentioned

Bārhaspatya (school of Bṛhaspati)

vārttā

daṇḍanīti

FAQs

What is the strategic objective (Artha) of this verse?

To prioritize the two capabilities that directly sustain a state: generating wealth through productive economy (vārttā) and maintaining order and compliance through governance and enforcement (daṇḍanīti).

How does this apply to modern governance?

It mirrors the modern view that stable governance depends on (1) a strong economic base (jobs, production, trade, revenue) and (2) credible institutions of law, regulation, and security that enforce rules and protect the public.

What is the specific duty of the ruler/official mentioned?

No specific office is named; the implied duty of the ruler is to ensure prosperity via economic administration (supporting production and revenue) and to ensure security and rule compliance via effective enforcement, justice, and coercive capacity.