Adhyaya 11

Sutra 1

कलहे घ्नतः पुरुषं चित्रो घातः ॥ कZ_०४.११.०१ ॥

Wird ein Mann in einem Streit getötet, so ist die Tötung «vielgestaltig» (d. h. sie lässt unterschiedliche Kategorien/Grade zu).

Sutra 2

सप्तरात्रस्यान्तर्मृते शुद्धवधः पक्षस्यान्तरुत्तमः मासस्यान्तः पञ्चशतः समुत्थानव्ययश्च ॥ कZ_०४.११.०२ ॥

Tritt der Tod innerhalb von sieben Nächten (nach der Verletzung) ein, gilt dies als eindeutiger Totschlag/Mord (mit Todesstrafe). Tritt der Tod innerhalb von vierzehn Tagen ein, gilt die höchste Geldbuße. Tritt der Tod innerhalb eines Monats ein, wird eine Geldbuße von fünfhundert verhängt, und zudem sind die Kosten der Heilbehandlung und verwandte Auslagen zu ersetzen.

Sutra 3

शस्त्रेण प्रहरत उत्तमो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.११.०३ ॥

Wer mit einer Waffe zuschlägt, unterliegt der höchsten Strafe.

Sutra 4

मदेन हस्तवधः मोहेन द्विशतः ॥ कZ_०४.११.०४ ॥

Wird die Tat im Rausch begangen, (lautet die Strafe) Handabhacken; wird sie aus Verblendung/Torheit begangen, gilt eine Geldbuße von zweihundert.

Sutra 5

वधे वधः ॥ कZ_०४.११.०५ ॥

Für das Töten (lautet die Strafe) Tötung (Todesstrafe).

Sutra 6

प्रहारेण गर्भं पातयत उत्तमो दण्डः भैषज्येन मध्यमः परिक्लेशेन पूर्वः साहसदण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.११.०६ ॥

For one who causes miscarriage by assault, the highest penalty applies; if it is treated by medicine, the middle penalty applies; if it results in suffering/distress, the first (lowest) sāhasa-penalty applies.

Sutra 7

प्रसभस्त्रीपुरुषघातकाभिसारकनिग्राहकावघोषकावस्कन्दकोपवेधकान्पथिवेश्मप्रतिरोधकान् राजहस्त्यश्वरथानां हिंसकान् स्तेनान्वा शूलानारोहयेयुः ॥ कZ_०४.११.०७ ॥

They shall impale on stakes: violent killers of women or men; abductors; those who seize/hold people unlawfully; public terror-raisers; marauders; arsonists; those who block roads or houses; those who injure the king’s elephants, horses, or chariots; and thieves (of that class).

Sutra 8

यश्चैनान्दहेदपनयेद्वा स तमेव दण्डं लभेत साहसमुत्तमं वा ॥ कZ_०४.११.०८ ॥

Whoever burns them (e.g., destroys evidence/corpses) or removes them (e.g., helps them escape or disposes of them) shall receive the same punishment, or the highest sāhasa-penalty.

Sutra 9

हिंस्रस्तेनानां भक्तवासोपकरणाग्निमन्त्रदानवैयावृत्यकर्मसूत्तमो दण्डः परिभाषणमविज्ञाते ॥ कZ_०४.११.०९ ॥

For those who provide violent thieves with food, lodging, equipment, fire, mantras, gifts, services, or any assistance, the highest penalty applies; if it is not known (that they were violent thieves), it is treated as interrogation/admonition.

Sutra 10

हिंस्रस्तेनानां पुत्रदारमसमन्त्रं विसृजेत्समन्त्रमाददीत ॥ कZ_०४.११.१० ॥

In the case of violent thieves, the king shall release their sons and wives if they are not complicit; if they are complicit, he shall take them into custody (and proceed against them).

Sutra 11

राज्यकामुकमन्तःपुरप्रधर्षकमटव्यमित्रोत्साहकं दुर्गराष्ट्रदण्डकोपकं वा शिरोहस्तप्रदीपिकं घातयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.११.११ ॥

Er soll hinrichten lassen: den, der nach dem Königtum giert (einen potenziellen Usurpator), den, der die inneren Gemächer verletzt, den, der Waldstämme/Feinde aufwiegelt, oder den, der Aufruhr gegen Festungen, das Land oder die königliche Gewalt entfacht—durch Exekution (z. B. durch öffentliches Zurschaustellen des abgetrennten Kopfes oder der Hand als Warnung).

Sutra 12

ब्राह्मणं तमः प्रवेशयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.११.१२ ॥

Ein Brāhmane ist der „Finsternis“ zu übergeben (d. h. hinzurichten/zu töten durch eine unblutige Methode).

Sutra 13

मातृपितृपुत्रभ्रात्राचार्यतपस्विघातकं वात्वग्शिरःप्रादीपिकं घातयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.११.१३ ॥

One who kills (his) mother, father, son, brother, teacher, or an ascetic—alternatively, one who makes a ‘lamp’ of skin and head—should be put to death.

Sutra 14

तेषामाक्रोशे जिह्वाच्छेदः अङ्गाभिरदने तदङ्गान्मोच्यः ॥ कZ_०४.११.१४ ॥

For abusing them, the tongue is to be cut off; for biting their limbs, the offender is to be deprived of the corresponding limb(s).

Sutra 15

यदृच्छाघाते पुंसः पशुयूथस्तेये च शुद्धवधः ॥ कZ_०४.११.१५ ॥

For the killing of a man ‘without cause’ (unprovoked) and for the theft of a herd of cattle, the punishment is straightforward execution.

Sutra 16

दशावरं च यूथं विद्यात् ॥ कZ_०४.११.१६ ॥

A ‘herd’ is to be understood as not less than ten (animals).

Sutra 17

उदकधारणं सेतुं भिन्दतस्तत्रैवाप्सु निमज्जनमनुदकमुत्तमः साहसदण्डः भग्नोत्सृष्टकं मध्यमः ॥ कZ_०४.११.१७ ॥

For one who breaks a water-retaining embankment/dam, drowning on the spot is prescribed; if it results in the loss of water, the highest sāhasa-penalty applies; if it is broken but water is not lost (or it is released/let off), the middle sāhasa-penalty applies.

Sutra 18

विषदायकं पुरुषं स्त्रियं च पुरुषघ्नीमपः प्रवेशयेदगर्भिणीं गर्भिणीं मासावरप्रजाताम् ॥ कZ_०४.११.१८ ॥

A poisoner—whether man, or woman who kills men—should be put into the waters (drowned); a woman is to be drowned if she is not pregnant; if pregnant, after the monthly term/after childbirth (as specified).

Sutra 19

पतिगुरुप्रजाघातिकामग्निविषदां संधिच्छेदिकां वा गोभिः पाटयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.११.१९ ॥

A woman who kills her husband, teacher, or a member of the populace; or who commits arson or poisoning; or who breaks a treaty/compact—should be torn apart by cattle.

Sutra 20

विवीतक्षेत्रखलवेश्मद्रव्यहस्तिवनादीपिकमग्निना दाहयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.११.२० ॥

One who sets fire to an enclosed field, threshing-floor, house, goods, an elephant-forest, or similar property is to be burnt with fire.

Sutra 21

राजाक्रोशकमन्त्रभेदकयोरनिष्टप्रवृत्तिकस्य ब्राह्मणमहानसावलेहिनश्च जिह्वामुत्पाटयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.११.२१ ॥

The tongue should be torn out of one who abuses the king or reveals state counsel; likewise of one engaged in hostile conduct; and (even) of a Brāhmaṇa who ‘licks the royal kitchen’ (i.e., abuses privileged access/acts parasitically within the palace establishment).