Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 15 Sutra 17 - Arthashastra | German | Vedapath

Kautilya

Sutra 17

Devanagari script

इक्षुरसगुडमधुफाणितजाम्बवपनसानामन्यतमो मेषशृङ्गीपिप्पलीक्वाथाभिषुतो मासिकः षाण्मासिकः सांवत्सरिको वा चिद्भिटोर्वारुकेक्षुकाण्डाम्रफलामलकावसुतः शुद्धो वा शुक्तवर्गः ॥ कZ_०२.१५.१७ ॥

Transliteration

ikṣurasaguḍamadhuphāṇitajāmbavapanasānām anyatamo meṣaśṛṅgīpippalīkvāthābhiṣuto māsikaḥ ṣāṇmāsikaḥ sāṃvatsariko vā cidbhiṭorvārukekṣukāṇḍāmraphalāmalakāvasutaḥ śuddho vā śuktavargaḥ

Translation

Die „saure/fermentierte“ Gruppe (śukta-varga) umfasst: ein vergorenes Getränk, bereitet aus einem der folgenden Stoffe — Zuckerrohrsaft, Jaggery (Rohzucker), Honig, Melasse, Jambu oder Jackfrucht; versetzt mit Abkochungen von meṣaśṛṅgī und pippalī; gereift einen Monat, sechs Monate oder ein Jahr; sowie Essig/saurer Gäransatz, gewonnen aus cidbhiṭa, vāruka, Zuckerrohrstängel, Mangofrucht, āmalaka oder aus reiner Gärung.

Word by Word

इक्षुरसsugarcane juice

गुडjaggery

मधुhoney

फाणितmolasses/treacle (thick sugarcane syrup)

जाम्बवjamun (Syzygium cumini) product/juice

पनसानाम्jackfruit (of jackfruit)

अन्यतमःany one (of these)

मेषशृङ्गीmeshaśṛṅgī (a medicinal plant)

पिप्पलीlong pepper

क्वाथdecoction

अभिषुतःpressed out / extracted

मासिकःone-month (aged/fermented)

षाण्मासिकःsix-month (aged/fermented)

सांवत्सरिकःone-year (aged/fermented)

वाor

चिद्भिटोःcidbhiṭu (a named ferment/drink ingredient; textually uncertain)

वारुकvāruka (a melon/gourd-type fruit)

इक्षुकाण्डsugarcane stalk

आम्रफलmango fruit

आमलकamla (Indian gooseberry)

अवसुतःdrained/exuded/extracted

शुद्धःpure/clean

वाor

शुक्तवर्गःthe class/group of sour ferments (vinegar-type)

Entities Mentioned

state storehouse officials

provisions/ferments

medicinal additives (meṣaśṛṅgī, pippalī)

FAQs

Why does Kauṭilya list ingredients and maturation periods for śukta?

To standardize procurement, storage, and inspection: the state can classify items, price them, and verify quality by defined inputs and aging duration.