Sutra 12
Devanagari script
तमभ्यवपद्येत परेषामपि भयात् ॥ कZ_१२.१.१२ ॥
Transliteration
tamabhyavapadyeta pareṣāmapi bhayāt
Translation
Man sollte sich ihm unterwerfen, auch aus Furcht vor anderen Mächten.
Word by Word
तम्him/that person
तम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formसर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एकवचन; द्वितीया विभक्ति; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सन्दर्भानुसार)
अभ्यवपद्येतshould take refuge with / should submit to (seek protection from)
अभ्यवपद्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-अव-पद्
Formधातु: पद् (गत्यर्थ/पद्); उपसर्ग: अभि+अव; लिङ् (विधिलिङ्/आज्ञार्थे); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; परस्मैपद-रूपं न; अर्थ: ‘शरणं गच्छेत/आश्रयं याचेत’
परेषाम्of others / of the enemy side
परेषाम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootपर
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति; बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग (सामान्यत:); ‘परे’ = others/enemies/foreigners (contextual)
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formनिपात; समुच्चय/अपवाद/अतिशयार्थे (here: ‘even’)
भयात्from fear; out of fear
भयात्:
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formपञ्चमी विभक्ति; एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; हेतौ/अपादाने (ablative of cause: ‘out of fear’)
FAQs
Bandwagoning/hedging: aligning with a dominant but rule-bound power to reduce vulnerability to more predatory rivals.
Stability for internal governance—time to rebuild revenue, army, and alliances under reduced immediate threat.