Shukla Yajur Veda — Adhyaya 31, Mantra 14
Rishi: Puruṣa-sūkta tradition
Devata: Puruṣa/Prajāpati as yajña; seasons as functional devatās
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यत्पुरु॑षेण ह॒विषा॑ दे॒वा य॒ज्ञमत॑न्वत । व॒स॒न्तो॒ऽस्यासी॒दाज्यं॑ ग्री॒ष्म इ॒ध्मः श॒रद्ध॒विः
Transliteration
yát púruṣeṇa havíṣā devā́ yajñám atanvata | vasantó ’syāsīd ā́jyaṃ grīṣmá idhmáḥ śarád dhavíḥ ||
Translation
যখন দেবগণ পুরুষকে হবি করে যজ্ঞ বিস্তার করলেন, তখন বসন্ত ছিল তার আজ্য (ঘৃত), গ্রীষ্ম ছিল তার ইধ্ম (ইন্ধন), আর শরৎ ছিল তার হবি (আহুতি)।
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
यत् । पुरुषेण । हविषा । देवाः । यज्ञम् । अतन्वत । वसन्तः । अस्य । आसीत् । आज्यम् । ग्रीष्मः । इध्मः । शरद् । हविः ।
Word by Word
यत्that which
यत्:
—
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द
पुरुषेणwith/through the Puruṣa
पुरुषेण:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
हविषाwith the oblation
हविषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञम्the sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
अतन्वतthey spread/extended
अतन्वत:
—
TypeVerb
Root√तन् (तनू विस्तारे) + अ (अङ्गीकृत-लुङ्)
वसन्तःspring
वसन्तः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवसन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof it/of him
अस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू-सत्तायाम्)
आज्यम्ghee (clarified butter)
आज्यम्:
—
TypeNoun
Rootआज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ग्रीष्मःsummer
ग्रीष्मः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootग्रीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
इध्मःfuel (firewood)
इध्मः:
—
TypeNoun
Rootइध्म (प्रातिपदिक)
शरद्autumn
शरद्:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (प्रातिपदिक)
हविःoblation
हविः:
—
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Entities Mentioned
P
PuruṣaP
PrajāpatiV
Vasanta (Spring)G
Grīṣma (Summer)Ś
Śarad (Autumn)D
Devāḥ (the Gods)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes