Shloka 11

Devanagari script

दूषयेयुर्दुरात्मनः पथि मूलफलोदकम् ।राक्षसाः परिरक्षेथास्तेभ्यस्त्वं नित्यमुद्यतः ।।।।

Transliteration

dūṣayeyur durātmānaḥ pathi mūla-phalodakam |

rākṣasāḥ parirakṣethās tebhyaḥ tvaṁ nityam udyataḥ |

Translation

পথিমধ্যে দুরাত্মা রাক্ষসেরা মূল, ফল ও জল দূষিত করতে পারে; অতএব তুমি সর্বদা সতর্ক থেকে নিত্য উদ্যত হয়ে সেগুলি তাদের থেকে রক্ষা করো।

Word by Word

• dūṣayeyuḥ: might spoil
• dūṣayeyuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dūṣ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural), परस्मैपद

• durātmanaḥ: evil-minded (ones)
• durātmanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dur-ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—कर्मधारय: durātmā (evil-souled); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural) (अर्थतः कर्तृपद)

• pathi: on the path
• pathi: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/place)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pathin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• mūla-phala-udakam: roots, fruits, and water
• mūla-phala-udakam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūla (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक) + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—द्वन्द्व (copulative): roots + fruits + water; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (collective)

• rākṣasāḥ: Rākṣasas
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन

• parirakṣethāḥ: protect (thou)
• parirakṣethāḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-rakṣ (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• tebhyaḥ: from them
• tebhyaḥ: Apadana (अपादान/Ablative-source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• nityam: always
• nityam: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: काल/आवृत्तिवाचक-अव्यय (adverb): always

• udyataḥ: alert, ready
• udyataḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud-√yam (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally): ready/alert; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; त्वम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Context

"Evil-minded one, the lord of rakshasas will spoil the roots, fruits and water (on the way). Be ever alert and protect them".

Characters & Entities

• Rākṣasas
• path/route

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as guardianship: protecting shared necessities (food and water) is a moral duty in sustaining a righteous campaign.

What is the narrative situation?

A warning is issued that enemies may sabotage provisions on the route, requiring constant alertness and protection.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Watchfulness (apramāda) and responsibility for the welfare of the group.